栀子苷性质、用途与生产工艺
京尼平苷又称栀子甙、京尼平甙，外观为棕色至白色结晶性粉末，气微，无苦味，是从茜草科植物栀子的干燥成熟果实中提取的一种环烯醚萜苷类化合物，具有显著的促进胆汁的分泌作用。并能降低血中胆红素，可促进血液中胆红素迅速排泄。
栀子苷对溶血性链球菌和皮肤真菌有抑制作用。有解热、镇痛、镇静、降压及止血作用。泻火除烦，清热利湿，凉血解毒，消肿止痛。主治热病心烦，躁扰不宁，高热烦躁，神昏谵语，黄疸尿赤，热淋涩痛，血热吐衄，目赤肿痛，火毒疮疡；外治扭挫伤痛。
Geniposide是Gardenia jasminoides Ellis果实分离得到的一种环烯醚萜苷类。
Geniposide exhibits a variety of activities, such as on antithrombosis, anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-atherosclerosis, antidepression, healing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), anti-hypertension, toxicology, and untoward reaction are summarized. Geniposide markedly declines the production of IL-8, IL-1β and MCP-1 in OGD-induced brain microvascular endothelial cells, the expression of P2Y14 receptor is significantly down-regulated, the phosphorylation of RAF-1, MEK1/2, ERK1/2 are suppressed.
Geniposide (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly decreases the blood glucose, insulin and TG levels in diabetic mice in a dose-dependent manner. This compound also decreases the expression of GP and G6Pase at mRNA and immunoreactive protein levels, as well as enzyme activity. Geniposide (20.0, 40.0, or 80 mg/kg) significantly reverses the excessive, alcohol-induced elevation in both serum ALT/AST and hepatic LPO levels. Geniposide upregulates the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) to attenuate the cell apoptosis induced by 3-morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN-1) in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. Geniposide inhibits photochemistry-induced thromboembolism model
in vivo
. Geniposide are very effective depressants on NF-κB by interrupting IκB degradation.
化学性质
易溶于水，溶于乙醇，不溶于石油醚。 来源于茜草科植物栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis)果实
用途
用于含量测定/鉴定/药理实验等。
药理药效:栀子苷具有缓泻、镇痛、利胆、抗炎、治疗软组织损伤以及抑制胃液分泌和降低胰淀粉酶等作用。
用途
一种环烯醚萜苷具有多种生物活性，包括神经保护、抗糖尿病、抗增殖和抗氧化活性。栀子苷已被证明是调节Nrf2的易位，并通过PI3K/Akt信号通路上调下游抗氧化蛋白HO-1的表达。胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）受体也可能在栀子苷诱导的HO-1表达中发挥关键作用。
栀子苷
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