4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチル 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色の結晶又は白色の結晶性の粉末
定義
本品は、パラヒドロキシ安息香酸とブタノール(*)のエステルであり、次の化学式で表される。
参照表示名称：ブタノール
溶解性
水に難溶。エタノール, エーテルに可溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水に極めて溶けにくい。
用途
保存料。
化粧品の成分用途
防腐剤、香料
効能
防腐剤
主な用途／役割
でんぷん系接着剤に使用される。
説明
Butylparaben is an antimicrobial agent used in pharmaceutical suspensions. It is act by inhibiting DNA, RNA, and enzymes (eg, ATPase and phosphotransferase) synthesis. Butylparaben may be used alone or with other parabens, chiefly methylparaben and/or propylparaben, in medications. It is common in many liquid and solid (gel cap) OTC products such as Tylenol, Drixoral, Maalox, and Mylanta. Unfortunately, butylparaben concentrations were seldom identified for OTC or prescription products. No attempt was made to identify butylparaben-containing dietary supplements.
化学的特性
Butylparaben occurs as colorless crystals or a white, crystalline,
odorless or almost odorless, tasteless powder.
調製方法
Butylparaben is prepared by esterification of p-hydroxybenzoic acid
with n-butanol.
製造方法
Butyl paraben is prepared by esterifying p-hydroxybenzoic acid with butyl alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst, such
as sulfuric acid, and an excess of the specific alcohol.
一般的な説明
Odorless white crystals or crystalline powder. Tasteless, but numbs the tongue. Aqueous solutions slightly acidic to litmus.
空気と水の反応
Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Butylparaben is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong caustics.
火災危険
Flash point data for Butylparaben are not available; however, Butylparaben is probably combustible.
応用例（製薬）
Butylparaben is widely used as an antimicrobial preservative in
cosmetics and pharmaceutical formulations.
It may be used either alone or in combination with other paraben
esters or with other antimicrobial agents. In cosmetics, it is the
fourth most frequently used preservative.
As a group, the parabens are effective over a wide pH range and
have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, although they are
most effective against yeasts and molds.
Owing to the poor solubility of the parabens, paraben salts,
particularly the sodium salt, are frequently used in formulations.
However, this may raise the pH of poorly buffered formulations.
See Methylparaben for further information.
接触アレルゲン
This substance is one of the parabens family. Parabens are esters formed by p-hydroxybenzoic acid
and an alcohol. They are largely used as biocides in
cosmetics and toiletries, medicaments, or food. They
have synergistic power with other biocides. Parabens
can induce allergic contact dermatitis, mainly in
chronic dermatitis and wounded skin.
安全性
Butylparaben and other parabens are widely used as antimicrobial
preservatives in cosmetics and oral and topical pharmaceutical
formulations.
Systemically, no adverse reactions to parabens have been
reported, although they have been associated with hypersensitivity
reactions generally appearing as contact dematitis. Immediate
reactions with urticaria and bronchospasm have occurred rarely.
See Methylparaben for further information.
LD
50 (mouse, IP): 0.23 g/kg
LD
50 (mouse, oral): 13.2 g/kg
貯蔵
Aqueous butylparaben solutions at pH 3–6 can be sterilized by
autoclaving, without decomposition. At pH 3–6, aqueous
solutions are stable (less than 10% decomposition) for up to about
4 years at room temperature, while solutions at pH 8 or above are
subject to rapid hydrolysis (10% or more after about 60 days at
room temperature).
不和合性
The antimicrobial activity of butylparaben is considerably reduced
in the presence of nonionic surfactants as a result of micellization.
Absorption of butylparaben by plastics has not been reported but
appears probable given the behavior of other parabens. Some
pigments, e.g. ultramarine blue and yellow iron oxide, absorb
butylparaben and thus reduce its preservative properties.
Butylparaben is discolored in the presence of iron and is subject
to hydrolysis by weak alkalis and strong acids.
規制状況(Regulatory Status)
Butylparaben is regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). In 1998 its pesticide registration status was listed as "cancelled" (U.S. EPA, 2003).
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections; oral capsules, solutions, suspensions, syrups and tablets; rectal, and topical preparations). Included in nonparenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal Ingredients.
4-ヒドロキシ安息香酸ブチル 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品