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ammonium azide

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ammonium azide Basic information
Chemical properties Physical properties Preparation
Product Name:ammonium azide
Synonyms:ammonium azide
CAS:12164-94-2
MF:H4N4
MW:60.05856
EINECS:235-315-4
Product Categories:
Mol File:12164-94-2.mol
ammonium azide Structure
ammonium azide Chemical Properties
Melting point 160℃ [CIC73]
Boiling point explodes at 134℃ [CIC73]
density 1.346
form orthorhombic crystals
color Colorless plates
Water Solubility g NH4N3/100g H2O: 16.0 (0°C), 25.3 (20°C), 37.1 (40°C) [LAN05]
Safety Information
RIDADR 0473
HazardClass 1.1A
MSDS Information
ammonium azide Usage And Synthesis
Chemical propertiesAmmonium azide is an explosive chemical compound with the formula NH4N3.It is one of the few oxygen-free explosive materials that can be handled (relatively) safely.
Ammonium azide will detonate to release nitrogen and hydrogen gases. NH4N3 → 2 N2 + 2 H2
Traces of ammonia are also produced.
Physical propertiesAmmonium azide is a non-hygroscopic colorless odorless crystalline solid. It melts at 160 °C and decomposes at 400 °C. Ammonium azide is soluble in water. It also is soluble in ammonia. It is also easily soluble in ethanol, glycerol, methanol, pyridine, sparingly soluble in allyl alcohol, butanol and isobutanol and insoluble in acetone, aniline, benzaldehyde, benzene, carbon disulfide, chlorobenzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, methyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, nitrobenzene, tetrachloroethane, toluene and xylene.
PreparationAmmonium azide can be made by bubbling anhydrous ammonia in a ether solution of HN3. Since ammonium azide is almost insoluble in ether, it will precipitate.The precipitate is filtered and vacuum dried. Water traces are removed using phosphorus pentoxide in a desiccator.
Heating a mixture of sodium azide with ammonium nitrate in a stream of dry air in a tube at 190 °C for 30 min will yield ammonium azide. The yield of the process is 93%. Ammonium sulfate can also be used instead of nitrate.
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Chemical Propertiesorthorhombic, a=0.893 nm, b=0.864 nm, c=0.380 nm [CIC73]
Safety ProfilePoison by inhalation and ingestion. See also AZIDES. Moderately flammable. Unstable. Explosion hazard upon rapid heating.
ammonium azide Preparation Products And Raw materials
Tag:ammonium azide(12164-94-2) Related Product Information
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