| Identification | Back Directory | [Name]
Emetine dihydrochloride | [CAS]
316-42-7 | [Synonyms]
purum
ai3-50600
amebicide
nsc-33669
EMETINE 2HCL
EMETINE DIHCL
Emetine HCL USP
EMETINE HYDROCHLORIDE
Emetin-Dihydrochlorid
EMETINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE
l-emetinedihydrochloride
emetine,dihydrochloride1/
EMETINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE(RG)
Emetine Hydrochloride (300 mg)
EMETINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE DIHYDRATE
EMETINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE CRYSTALLINE
6',7',10,11-TETRAMETHOXYEMETAN, 2HCL
6',7',10,11-TETRAMETHOXYMETHANE 2HCL
6’,7’,10,11-tetramethoxy-emetadihydrochloride
6′,7′,10,11-Tetramethoxyemetan dihydrochloride
6',7',10,11-Tetramethoxyemetan/hydrochloride,(1:2)
2H-Benzoaquinolizine, 3-ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-9,10-dimethoxy-2-(1R)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-1-isoquinolinylmethyl-, dihydrochloride, (2S,3R,11bS)- | [EINECS(EC#)]
206-259-8 | [Molecular Formula]
C29H42Cl2N2O4 | [MDL Number]
MFCD00135589 | [MOL File]
316-42-7.mol | [Molecular Weight]
553.56 |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Emetine dihydrochloride is a colorless, combustible powder which turns yellow on exposure to heat or
light. | [Melting point ]
240-250 °C (dec., dry matter)(lit.)
| [alpha ]
D +11° (c = 1) to D +21° (c = 8) | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C
| [solubility ]
DMSO:55.36(Max Conc. mg/mL);100.0(Max Conc. mM) | [form ]
White solid with a faint yellow cast | [Stability:]
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Light and heat sensitive. | [Water Solubility ]
Soluble to 100 mM in water | [Merck ]
3559 | [EPA Substance Registry System]
Emetine, dihydrochloride (316-42-7) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Chemical Properties]
white powder or crystals | [General Description]
Clusters of needles after drying at 221°F. Turns yellow on exposure to light or heat. An injectable form of emetine, an anti amebic. Emetine is the active ingredient of ipecac. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Water soluble. | [Reactivity Profile]
When heated to decomposition, EMETINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE emits very toxic fumes of chlorides, hydrogen chloride and oxides of nitrogen. Turns yellow on exposure to light or heat [EPA, 1998]. | [Health Hazard]
EMETINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE is highly toxic orally. It is an eye irritant. (Non-Specific -- Emetine) Emetine is classified as extremely toxic. Probable oral lethal dose for humans is 5-50 mg/kg, or between 7 drops and one teaspoon for a 150-lb person. | [Fire Hazard]
When heated to decomposition, EMETINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE emits very toxic fumes of chlorides, hydrogen chloride and oxides of nitrogen. Turns yellow on exposure to light or heat | [Potential Exposure]
Emetine dihydrochloride is an
injectable form of emetine; an alkaloid and antiamebic; the
active ingredient of Ipecac. Emetine dihydrochloride is
used as chemical reagent, organic intermediate; in pharmaceutical R&D | [First aid]
Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency
medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not
breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim
ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way
valve or other proper respiratory medical device.
Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and
isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact
with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact,
avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim
warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion
or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that
medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved
and take precautions to protect themselves. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing
overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As
first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapyEmetine is an alkaloid. Procedures for alkaloid salts are as
follows. Move victim to fresh air; call emergency medical
care. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing
is difficult, give oxygen. In case of contact with material,
immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at
least 15 minutes. Speed in removing material from skin is
of extreme importance. Remove and isolate contaminated
clothing and shoes at the site. Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Effects may be delayed;
keep victim under observation | [Shipping]
UN1544 Alkaloids, solid, n.o.s. or Alkaloid salts,
solid, n.o.s. poisonous, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-
Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required. UN2811
Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-
Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required | [Incompatibilities]
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, and epoxides. Turns yellow on
contact with light or heat | [Uses]
Anti-amebic. | [Uses]
Emetine dihydrochloride has been used:
- as a protein synthesis inhibitor to study its effects on human papillomavirus type 8 E2 protein half-life
- to study its effects on the stress granules assembly
- as a chain-elongation inhibitor in puromycin assay for protein synthesis
| [Uses]
Emetine, an alkaloid from ipecac, C29H40O4N2, is a white powder with a very bitter taste. The substance is soluble in alcohol and ether, slightly soluble in water. Emetine darkens upon exposure to light. The compound is derived by extraction from the root of Cephalis ipecacuanha (ipecac). It is also made synthetically. Medically, ipecac is useful as an emetic (induces vomiting) for emergency use in the treatment of drug overdosage and in certain cases of poisoning. Ipecac should not be administered to persons in an unconscious state. It should be noted that emesis is not the proper treatment in all cases of potential poisoning. It should not be induced when such substances as petroleum distillates, strong alkali, acids, or strychnine are ingested. | [Definition]
ChEBI: Emetine dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride salt of emetine. It has a role as an antiprotozoal drug, an antiviral agent, an antineoplastic agent, an antimalarial, an autophagy inhibitor, an emetic, a protein synthesis inhibitor and an anticoronaviral agent. It contains an emetine(2+). | [Biochem/physiol Actions]
Emetine dihydrochloride is a member of the ipecac alkaloids family. It can mediate inhibition of protein and nucleic acid synthesis. It exhibits antiviral activity against dengue virus infection and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Emetine dihydrochloride exhibits anti-proliferative effects against bladder cancer cells. It also possesses anti-protozoal activity. | [Mechanism of action]
Epinephrine, a hormone having a benzenoid structure, C9H13O3N, also called adrenaline. It can be obtained by extraction from the adrenal glands of cattle and also prepared synthetically. Its effect on body metabolism is pronounced, causing an increase in blood pressure and rate of heartbeat. Under normal conditions, its rate of release into the system is constant, but emotional stresses, such as fear or anger rapidly increase the output and result in temporarily heightened metabolic activity. Epinephrine is used for the symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and reversible bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The drug acts on both alpha and beta receptor sites. Beta stimulation provides bronchodilator action by relaxing bronchial muscle. Alpha stimulation increases vital capacity by reducing congestion of the bronchial mucosa and by constricting pulmonary vessels.
Epinephrine has numerous effects on intermediary metabolism. Among these are promotion of hepatic glycogenolysis, inhibition of hepatic gluconeognesis, and inhibition of insulin release. The drug also promotes the release of free fatty acids from triglyceride stores in adipose tissues. Epinephrine produces numerous cardiovascular effects. Epinephrine is particularly useful in treating conditions of immediate hypersensitivity— interactions between antigen and antibody. These mechanisms cause attacks of anaphylaxis, hay fever, hives and allergic asthma. Anaphylaxis can occur after bee and wasp stings, venoms, etc. Although the mechanism is not fully understood, epinephrine can play a lifesaving role in the treatment of acute systemic anaphylaxis. | [storage]
Store at -20°C | [Purification Methods]
It crystallises from MeOH/Et2O, MeOH or Et2O/EtOAc. The free base has m 104-105o, and the (-)-phenylthiourea derivative has m 220-221o (from EtOAc/pet ether, [] D -29.3o (CHCl3)). IR: 3413 (OH) and 2611 (NH+) cm-1; UV at 230nm ( 16 200) and 282nm ( 6 890) max max [Brossi et al. Helv Chim Acta 42 1515 1959, Barash et al. J Chem Soc 3530 1959]. [Beilstein 23 III/IV 3419.] |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T+ | [Risk Statements ]
28-36/37/38 | [Safety Statements ]
26-28-36/37-45 | [RIDADR ]
UN 1544 6.1/PG 1
| [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
JY5250000
| [F ]
3-8-10 | [HazardClass ]
6.1(a) | [PackingGroup ]
I | [Safety Profile]
A poison by ingestion,
intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and
intravenous routes. Human systemic effects:
diarrhea, distorted perceptions, dyspnea,
hallucinations, hypermothty, nausea or
vomiting. A human eye irritant. When
heated to decomposition it emits very toxic
fumes of Cland NOx. | [Toxicity]
LD50 (calculated as base) in mice (mg/kg): 32 s.c.; 30 orally (Child) |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Description]
As the principal alkaloid of ipecac, Emetine dihydrochloride is derived from Uragoga ipecacuanha ground roots, which is used in the treatment of amebiasis. It can also be used as an emetic to induce vomiting.
Emetine dihydrochloride functions by inhibiting ribosome movement along mRNA, which results in irreversibly blocking protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells instead of prokaryotic cells. Besides, it has been proved that it can induce hypotension through blocking adrenoreceptors. | [References]
https://www.scbt.com/scbt/product/emetine-dihydrochloride-316-42-7
http://www.biovision.com/emetine-dihydrochloride.html
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3068143#section=Top |
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