Description
2-Arachidonoyl glycerol-d5 (2-AG-d5) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 2-AG by GC- or LC-MS. 2-AG is an endogenous agonist of the CB1 receptor.1,2 Unlike anandamide, 2-AG is present at relatively high levels in the central nervous system; it is the most abundant molecular species of monoacylglycerol found in rat brain.1,3 Formation of 2-AG is calcium-dependent and is mediated by the activities of PLC and DAG lipase.1 2-AG acts as a full agonist at the CB1 receptor. At a concentration of 0.3 nM, 2-AG induces a rapid, transient increase in intracellular free calcium in NG108-15 neuroblastoma X glioma cells through a CB1 receptor-dependent mechanism.2 2-AG is metabolized in vitro by MAG lipase and fatty acid amide hydrolase, with MAG lipase likely being the principle metabolizing enzyme in vivo.4
References
1. Stella, N., Schweitzer, P., and Piomelli, D. A second endogenous cannabinoid that modulates long-term potentiation Nature 388(6644),773-778(1997).
2. Sugiura, T., Kodaka, T., Nakane, S., et al. Evidence that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor is a 2-arachidonoylglycerol receptor. Structure-activity relationship of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, ether-linked analogues, and related compounds J. Biol. Chem. 274(5),2794-2801(1999).
3. Kondo, S., Kondo, H., Nakane, S., et al. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol, an endogenous cannabinoid receptor agonist: Identification as one of the major species of monoacylglycerols in various rat tissues, and evidence for its generation through Ca2+-dependent and -independent mechanisms FEBS Lett. 429(2),152-156(1998).
4. Dinh, T.P., Carpenter, D., Leslie, F.M., et al. Brain monoglyceride lipase participating in endocannabinoid inactivation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99(16),10819-10824(2002).
