3-ニトロフェノール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
うすい黄色～うすい黄褐色, 結晶性粉末
溶解性
水に可溶, アルコール, エーテルに易溶。エタノール及びジエチルエーテルに溶けやすく、水に溶けにくい。
用途
指示薬または、染料と医薬品の原料として使用
化学的特性
yellow to brown crystalline powder
定義
ChEBI: A member of the class of 3-nitrophenols that is phenol in which one of the hydrogens that is meta to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.
調製方法
3-Nitroaniline is diazotized in aqueous sulfuric acid and then hydrolyzed by being added gradually to boiling dilute sulfuric acid. The crude product solidifies on cooling and is filtered off in 90 % yield.
一般的な説明
Colorless to pale yellow crystalline solid. Sinks in and mixes with water.
空気と水の反応
Water insoluble.
反応プロフィール
3-Nitrophenol is a light-yellow, crystalline material, toxic and irritant. When heated to decomposition 3-Nitrophenol emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 941]. Phenols do not behave as organic alcohols, as one might guess from the presence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group in their structure. Instead, they react as weak organic acids. Phenols and cresols are much weaker as acids than common carboxylic acids (phenol has Ka = 1.3 x 10^[-10]). These materials are incompatible with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides. Flammable gas (H2) is often generated, and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas. Heat is also generated by the acid-base reaction between phenols and bases.
危険性
Toxic by ingestion.
健康ハザード
INHALATION: Inhalation or ingestion causes headaches, drowsiness, nausea, and blue color in lips, ears, and finger nails (cyanosis). EYES: Contact with eyes causes irritation. SKIN: Can be absorbed through intact skin to give same symptoms as for inhalation.
火災危険
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Dangerous toxic fumes of NO x
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal routes.
Moderately toxic by skin contact. A skin and
severe eye irritant. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
See also other nitrophenol entries.
純化方法
Crystallise 3-nitrophenol from water, CHCl3, CS2, EtOH or pet ether (b 80-100o), and dry it under vacuum over P2O5 at room temperature. It can also be distilled at low pressure. The 4-nitrobenzoate had m 174o (from EtOH). [Beilstein 6 IV 1269.]
3-ニトロフェノール 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品