スチビン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
水素化アンチモン(antimony hydride)，スチバン(stibane)．SbH3(124.78)．無色の分解しやすい気体．融点－88 ℃，沸点－18 ℃．水に微溶，エタノール，二硫化炭素にきわめて易溶．燃えると青色の炎を出し，アンチモン鏡を生じる．硝酸銀溶液に通すとアンチモン化銀Ag3Sbが沈殿するが，硝酸銀とさらに反応し，銀とアンチモン(Ⅲ)酸にかわる．アンチモン亜鉛合金を塩酸または希硫酸に溶かしてスチビンを発生させる．アンチモン化合物を含む溶液に発生期水素を生じさせると，水素とともに得られる．有毒．
化学的特性
Stibine is a colorless gas. Characteristic disagreeable odor. It is produced by dissolving zinc/antimony or magnesium-antimony in hydrochloride acid
使用
Has been used as fumigating agent.
製造方法
The electrolytic preparation method of antimonous hydride uses a Pt anode and a Pt/Ir cathode in an electrolyte consisting of 1.7 liters of 4N H2SO4, 80 g of tartaric acid, and 8 g of Sb.
一般的な説明
A colorless gas with a disagreeable odor. A moderate fire hazard that may yield toxic fumes when heated above 392°F. Irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Heavier than air. If exposed to prolonged fire or intense heat, the container may rupture violently or rocket.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable.
反応プロフィール
An explosion occurs if Antimonous hydride is heated with ammonia or chlorine. Antimonous hydride and concentrated nitric acid explode [Mellor 9:397 (1946-47)].
危険性
Toxic.
健康ハザード
TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.
火災危険
Flammable; may be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Some of these materials may react violently with water. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release toxic and flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by inhalation. Potentially explosive decomposition at 200°C. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. Explosive reaction with ammonia + heat, chlorine, concentrated nitric acid, ozone. Incompatible with oxidants. The decomposition products are hydrogen and metahc antimony. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Sb. Used as a fumigating agent. See also ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS and HYDRIDES.
職業ばく露
Stibine is used as a fumigating agent. Exposure to stibine usually occurs when stibine is released from antimony-containing alloys during the charging of storage batteries, when certain antimonial drosses are treated with water or acid, or when antimony-containing metals come in contact with acid. Operations generally involved are metallurgy, welding or cutting with blow torches; soldering, filling of hydrogen balloons; etching of zinc; and chemical processes.
輸送方法
UN2676 Stibine, Hazard Class: 2.3; Labels: 2.3-Poisonous gas, 2.1-Flammable gas, Hazard Zone A. UN3260 Corrosive solid, acidic, inorganic, n.o.s., Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, Technical Name Required. Cylinders must be transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.
不和合性
A highly flammable gas. Incompatible with acids, halogenated hydrocarbons; oxidizers, moisture, chlorine, ammonia. Reacts violently with chlorine, concentrated nitric acid or ozone. Decomposes in air. Thermally unstable: quick decomposition .190C producing metallic antimony and explosive hydrogen gas.
廃棄物の処理
Return refillable compressed gas cylinders to supplier. Dissolve in hydrochloric acid; add water to produce precipitate; add acid to dissolve again; precipitate with H2S; filter and dry precipitate and return to supplier.
スチビン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品