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| | acylation stimulating protein Chemical Properties |
| | acylation stimulating protein Usage And Synthesis |
| Structure | Acylation stimulating protein(ASP) is identical to C3a desArg, which is a cleavage fragment
of complement component C3 and has 76 (human,
bovine, and porcine) or 77 (mouse and rat) aa residues
in mammals. While complement C3 is a glycoprotein,
there is no glycosylation site in ASP. ASP has six Cys residues,
which make three disulfide bonds | | Properties | Mr 8700–9000. pI 7.5–9.5. ASP is soluble in water and a
phosphate buffer. | | Gene, mRNA, and precursor | The human complement C3 gene, CPAMD1, location
19p13.3, consists of 41 exons. The human C3 mRNA has
5067 b. The human C3 precursor consists of a signal peptide
(22 aa residues) and mature C3 (1641 aa residues). | | Regulation of synthesis and release | ASP is mainly produced in adipose tissues from the
precursor protein complement C3 by posttranscriptional
enzymatic cleavage. Ezymatic cleavage of complement
C3 by factor B and D (adipsin) forms C3a, and then
C3a is rapidly digested by carboxypeptidase B into
ASP (C3a desArg). Cytokines such as interleukins 1a,
1b, and 6 and interferon c have been shown to increase
C3 production. Hormones such as insulin, glucocorticoids,
and estradiol are also involved in augmenting C3
production. Transthyretin, in association with chylomicrons,
stimulates C3 and ASP production; this effect is
mediated by retinoic acid. | | ? Clinical implications | ASP is associated with glucose and lipid metabolism in
healthy subjects. However, the effect of ASP seems to
become dysregulated during metabolic disturbances in
diabetes.Chronic ASP administration in mice enhanced
the high-fat diet-induced inflammatory response, leading
to an insulin-resistant state. The injection of recombinant
ASP in diet-induced obesity mice failed to accelerate fat
clearance. Furthermore, this ASP injection increased the
basal levels of plasma ASP and decreased C5L2 expression
in adipose tissues. | | Description | Acylation stimulating protein(ASP) is an adipokine that was isolated as a potent fat
storage factor. ASP binds to C5L2, which is a functional
receptor and promotes triglyceride synthesis in adipose
tissues. |
| | acylation stimulating protein Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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