Theobromine NEW
| Price | $8 | $6 | $2 |
| Package | 1kg | 100kg | 1000kg |
| Min. Order: | 1kg |
| Supply Ability: | g-kg-tons, free sample is available |
| Update Time: | 2024-04-24 |
Product Details
| Product Name: Theobromine | CAS No.: 83-67-0 |
| Min. Order: 1kg | Purity: 99% |
| Supply Ability: g-kg-tons, free sample is available | Release date: 2024/04/24 |
| Lead time: In stock | Packaging: bottle/drum/bucket/IBC, as request. |
| Delivery: By sea, by air, by express | Origin: Manufacturer |
| Contact person: Jessica |
1. Product information
| Name | theobromine |
|---|---|
| Synonym | More Synonyms |
| Description | Theobromine is a methylxanthine found in cacao beans which can inhibit adenosine receptor A1 (AR1) signaling. |
|---|---|
| Related Catalog | Signaling Pathways >> GPCR/G Protein >> Adenosine Receptor Natural Products >> Alkaloid Research Areas >> Neurological Disease |
| Target | Human Endogenous Metabolite |
| In Vitro | Theobromine, at concentrations above 25 μM, decreases lipid accumulation in these cells. Cell viability is not affected by Theobromine. Theobromine, at concentrations above 25 μM, suppresses protein expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα and adipogenic genes. The mRNA levels of these genes are also decreased by Theobromine[1]. |
| In Vivo | Body weights are lower in the Theobromine group than in the vehicle group. In addition, Theobromine suppresses gains in weight of epididymal and perirenal adipose tissues. The mean adipocyte area is smaller in the Theobromine group than in the vehicle group[1]. Theobromine group shows lower counts than the other groups when considering the number of bacteria per fecal weight (p=0.021 and p=0.055 compare to the reference (RF) and the cocoa (CC) groups, respectively). The Theobromine diet leads to higher pH values than those found after the RF and CC diets. Fecal concentrations of lactic acid are not significantly affected by the experimental diets (4.26±1.54 mM in RF group; 1.96±0.41 mM in CC group; 2.69±0.73 mM in Theobromine group)[2]. |
| Kinase Assay | 3T3-L1 preadipocytes are pre-incubated with MG132 (10 μM) for 30 min, followed by incubation with IBMX in the presence or absence of Theobromine (25 μM) for 8 h. The cells are lysed in denaturing cell extraction buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 70 mM β-mercaptoethanol and 2% SDS) at 95°C for 10 min. The cell lysates are diluted 20 fold with dilution buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1mM EGTA, 1% TritonX-100, 2.5 mM sodium pyrophosphate and protease inhibitor cocktail) and centrifuged at 20,000 g for 30 s. The supernatant is incubated with rabbit polyclonal anti-C/EBPβ IgG, anti-FLAG IgG or control IgG at 4°C overnight, followed by incubation with 30 μL protein G-Sepharose resin at 4°C for 1 h. The resin is washed with lysis buffer three times and proteins bound to the resin are separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by western blotting[1]. |
| Animal Admin | Lewis rats (3 week old) are used in this study. The rats are randomly distributed into three dietary groups (n=7 per group): the reference (RF) group ingested standard diet AIN-93M, the cocoa (CC) group ingested a standard diet with 10% of natural Forastero cocoa containing 0.25% Theobromine, and the Theobromine (TB) group ingested a standard diet including 0.25% of Theobromine, i.e. the content of Theobromine presents in the CC diet[2]. |
| References | [1]. Mitani T, et al. Theobromine suppresses adipogenesis through enhancement of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β degradation by adenosine receptor A1. [2]. Martín-Peláez S, et al. Effect of cocoa's theobromine on intestinal microbiota of rats. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Oct;61(10). |
| Density | 1.6±0.1 g/cm3 |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 495.5±37.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Melting Point | 345-350 °C |
| Molecular Formula | C7H8N4O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 180.164 |
| Flash Point | 253.5±26.5 °C |
| Exact Mass | 180.064728 |
| PSA | 72.68000 |
| LogP | -2.08 |
| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C |
| Index of Refraction | 1.737 |
| Storage condition | Refrigerator |
| Water Solubility | slightly soluble, |
2. Packaging
For powders: normal is 25kgs/Drum or bag, or larger/smaller package as request.
For liquids: normal 25kgs/drum, 180-300kgs/bucket, or IBC, determined by the nature of the product.
Or smaller package 1kg/bottle, 10kgs/bottle as request.
3. Shipping
4. Contact information
For more details, pls contact us freely.
Mob: 86 17630978909
WhatsApp/Skype/Wechat/LINE: 86 17630978909
Company Profile Introduction
Henan Fengda Chemical Co., Ltd. is located in the High-tech Development Zone of Henan Province. Specializing in the production and sales of various fine chemical products required for industrial production, including chemical raw materials, organic raw materials, petrochemicals, chemical reagents, solvents, catalysts, and additives, etc.
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- Since: 2023-02-10
- Address: Room 01, 2288 E05, Building 14, East Henan University, Science and Technology Park, 279 Xisanhuan Ro
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