Dimethyl sulfate
Product identifier
- Product name: Dimethyl sulfate
- CBnumber: CB9854316
- CAS: 77-78-1
- EINECS Number: 201-058-1
- Synonyms: Dimethyl sulfate,dimethyl sulphate
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
- Relevant identified uses: For R&D use only. Not for medicinal, household or other use.
- Uses advised against: none
Company Identification
- Company: Chemicalbook
- Address: Building 1, Huihuang International, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing
- Telephone: 400-158-6606
Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Category 3, Oral
Skin corrosion, Sub-category 1B
Skin sensitization, Category 1
Acute toxicity - Category 2, Inhalation
Germ cell mutagenicity, Category 2
Carcinogenicity, Category 1B
Label elements
Pictogram(s)
- Signal wordDanger
H301 Toxic if swalloed
H314 Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction
H330 Fatal if inhaled
H341 Suspected of causing genetic defects
H350 May cause cancer
P201 Obtain special instructions before use.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P303+P361+P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continuerinsing.
P308+P313 IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.
P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...
P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection.
P203 Obtain, read and follow all safety instructions before use.
P301+P316 IF SWALLOWED: Get emergency medical help immediately.
P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).
P330 Rinse mouth.
P301+P330+P331 IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P363 Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
P316 Get emergency medical help immediately.
P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...
P333+P317 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help.
P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.
P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).
P318 IF exposed or concerned, get medical advice.
P405 Store locked up.
P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.
Other hazards
no data available
Substance
- Product name: Dimethyl sulfate
- Synonyms: Dimethyl sulfate,dimethyl sulphate
- CAS: 77-78-1
- EC number: 201-058-1
- MF: C2H6O4S
- MW: 126.13
Description of first aid measures
If inhaledFresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.
Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
Acute: extremely toxic vapors and liquid -- a few whiffs or contact on skin could be fatal. Also acutely toxic if ingested. Delayed effects which are ultimately fatal may also occur. Lethal concentrations as low as 97 ppm/10 min have been reported in humans. DNA inhibition and damage to human somatic cells, and sister chromatid exchange in human fibroblast cells were observed. Delayed appearance of symptoms may permit unnoticed exposure to lethal quantities. (EPA, 1998)
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
IN ALL CASES CONSULT A DOCTOR! INHALATION: Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention. SKIN: Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention. EYES: First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor. INGESTION: Rinse mouth. Give plenty of water to drink. Refer for medical attention immediately.
Extinguishing media
Water, foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical .
Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical
Material is normally stable even under fire exposure conditions and is not hazardously reactive with water. It is incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong ammonia solutions. (EPA, 1998)
Advice for firefighters
Use powder, foam, carbon dioxide, water spray.
NFPA 704
| HEALTH | 4 | Very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury (e.g. hydrogen cyanide, phosgene, methyl isocyanate, hydrofluoric acid) | |
| FIRE | 2 | Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur and multiple finely divided suspended solids that do not require heating before ignition can occur. Flash point between 37.8 and 93.3 °C (100 and 200 °F). (e.g. diesel fuel, sulfur) | |
| REACT | 1 | Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures (e.g. propene) | |
| SPEC. HAZ. |
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Environmental precautions
Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in dry sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Spillage should only be dealt with by trained personnel wearing full protective clothing, a full-face mask, and positive-pressure breathing apparatus. Soda ash or 3% ammonia solution may be applied to liquid spills. Sprays of 3% ammonia solution may be used to "knock down" the vapor over spillages. After complete neutralization, spillages may be washed away... If dimethyl sulfate has entered a watercourse ... or contaminated soil or vegetation, advise the police and public authorities.
Precautions for safe handling
NO open flames. Above 83°C use a closed system and ventilation. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Dry. Well closed. Ventilation along the floor. Store in an area without drain or sewer access.PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator, or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired . Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. Chemical Carcinogens
Control parameters
Occupational Exposure limit valuesTLV: 0.1 ppm as TWA; (skin); A3 (confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans).MAK: skin absorption (H); carcinogen category: 2
no data available
Exposure controls
Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.
Individual protection measures
Eye/face protectionWear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
Protective gloves. Protective clothing.
Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.
no data available
Information on basic physicochemical properties
- Physical stateLiquid
- ColourClear colorless
- Odour
Essentially odorless
- Melting point/freezing point
63°C(lit.)
- Boiling point or initial boiling point and boiling range
188°C(lit.)
- Flammability
Class IIIA Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 140°F and below 200°F.
- Lower and upper explosion limit/flammability limit
no data available
- Flash point
83°C
- Auto-ignition temperature
923°F
- Decomposition temperature
188°C
- pH
no data available
- Kinematic viscosity
no data available
- Solubilityethanol: 0.26 g/mL, clear, colorless
- Partition coefficient n-octanol/water
log Kow = 0.16 (est)
- Vapour pressure0.7 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
- Density and/or relative density
1.333g/mLat 25°C(lit.)
- Relative vapour density
4.3 (vs air)
- Particle characteristics
no data available
Reactivity
NIOSH considers dimethyl sulfate to be a potential occupational carcinogen.
Decomposes on heating and on burning. This produces toxic fumes including sulfur oxides. The solution is a medium strong acid. Reacts with water. This produces sulfuric acid. This generates heat. Reacts violently with concentrated aqueous ammonia, bases, acids and strong oxidants. This generates fire and explosion hazard.
Chemical stability
Stable at room temperature.
Possibility of hazardous reactions
MODERATE, WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME.Pure DIMETHYL SULFATE and concentrated aqueous ammonia react extremely violently with one another, as is the case for tertiary organic bases, [NFPA 491M, 1991]. Dimethyl sulfate ignites in contact with unheated barium chlorite, due to the rapid formation of unstable methyl chlorite. The product of methylating an unnamed material at 110° C was allowed to remain in a reactor for 80 min. before the reactor exploded. This involved a sulfur ester such as dimethyl sulfate, [MCA Case History No. 1786].
Conditions to avoid
no data available
Incompatible materials
Can react with oxidizing materials.
Hazardous decomposition products
Note: Decomposes in water to sulfuric acid; corrosive to metals.
Acute toxicity
- Oral: LD50 Mouse oral 140 mg/kg bw
- Inhalation: LC50 Guinea pig inhalation 167 mg/cu m (32 ppm)/60 min.
- Dermal: no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitization
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
Evaluation: There is inadequate evidence for the carcinogenicity in humans of dimethyl sulfate. There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity in experimental animals of dimethyl sulfate. Overall evaluation: Dimethyl sulfate is probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A). In making the overall evaluation, the Working Group took into consideration that dimethyl sulfate is a potent genotoxic chemical which can directly alkylate DNA both in vitro and in vivo.
Reproductive toxicity
No information is available on the reproductive or developmental effects of dimethyl sulfate in humans. Dimethyl sulfate has been reported to produce tumors in the offspring of rats exposed intravenously.
STOT-single exposure
The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. Inhalation may cause lung oedema. See Notes. The substance may cause effects on the liver and kidneys kidneys. This may result in impaired functions. Exposure far above the OEL could cause death. The effects may be delayed. Medical observation is indicated.
STOT-repeated exposure
Repeated or prolonged inhalation of the vapour may cause effects on the lungs. This substance is probably carcinogenic to humans. Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization.
Aspiration hazard
A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20°C.
Toxicity
- Toxicity to fish: LC50; Species: Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill, length 33-75 mm); Conditions: freshwater, static, 23 deg C, pH 7.6-7.9, hardness 55 mg/L CaCO3; Concentration: 7500 ug/L for 96 hr /99% purity
- Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
- Toxicity to algae: no data available
- Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available
Persistence and degradability
no data available
Bioaccumulative potential
Based upon the hydrolysis of dimethyl sulfate in aqueous environments(1), bioconcentration is not expected to be a primary removal process in aquatic systems(SRC).
Mobility in soil
Based upon the hydrolysis of dimethyl sulfate in aqueous environments(1), adsorption to soil and leaching are not expected to be important processes(SRC).
Other adverse effects
no data available
Disposal methods
ProductThe material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.
Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.
UN Number
ADR/RID: UN1595 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: UN1595 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: UN1595 (For reference only, please check.)
UN Proper Shipping Name
ADR/RID: DIMETHYL SULPHATE (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: DIMETHYL SULPHATE (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: DIMETHYL SULPHATE (For reference only, please check.)
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)
Packing group, if applicable
ADR/RID: I (For reference only, please check.)
IMDG: I (For reference only, please check.)
IATA: I (For reference only, please check.)
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: No
IMDG: No
IATA: No
Special precautions for user
no data available
Transport in bulk according to IMO instruments
no data available
Safety, health and environmental regulations specific for the product in question
European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS)Abbreviations and acronyms
- CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
- ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
- RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
- IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
- IATA: International Air Transportation Association
- TWA: Time Weighted Average
- STEL: Short term exposure limit
- LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
- LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
- EC50: Effective Concentration 50%
References
- IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
- HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
- IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
- eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
- CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
- ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
- ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
- Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
- ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/
Other Information
Commercial dimethyl sulfate may contain trace amounts of sulfuric acid.Depending on the degree of exposure, periodic medical examination is suggested.The symptoms of lung oedema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation are therefore essential.Immediate administration of an appropriate inhalation therapy by a doctor, or by an authorized person, should be considered.There is no odour warning even when toxic concentrations are present.Do NOT take working clothes home.
The information in this MSDS is only applicable to the specified product, unless otherwise specified, it is not applicable to the mixture of this product and other substances. This MSDS only provides information on the safety of the product for those who have received the appropriate professional training for the user of the product. Users of this MSDS must make independent judgments on the applicability of this SDS. The authors of this MSDS will not be held responsible for any harm caused by the use of this MSDS.