| Identification | More | [Name]
2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether | [CAS]
111-44-4 | [Synonyms]
1,1'-OXYBIS(2-CHLORO)ETHANE
1,5-dichloro-3-oxapentane
2,2'-DICHLORODIETHYL ETHER
2,2-DICHLORODIETHYL ETHER
2,2'-DICHLOROETHYL ETHER
2,2'-DICHLOROETHYL ETHYL ETHER
2,4'-DICHLORODIETHYL ETHER
2-CHLOROETHYL ETHER
BETA,BETA'-DICHLORODIETHYL ETHER
BETA,BETA'-DICHLOROETHYL ETHER
BETA-CHLOROETHYL ETHER
BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL) ETHER
DICHLORODIETHYL(2,2-) ETHER
DICHLORO DIETHYL ETHER
DICHLOROETHYL ETHER
DIETHYLENE GLYCOL DICHLORIDE
SYM-DICHLORETHYL ETHER
1,1’-oxybis(2-chloro-ethan
1-Chloro-2-(2-chloroethoxy)ethane
1-chloro-2-(2-chloro-ethoxy)-ethane | [EINECS(EC#)]
203-870-1 | [Molecular Formula]
C4H8Cl2O | [MDL Number]
MFCD00000975 | [Molecular Weight]
143.01 | [MOL File]
111-44-4.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Dichloroethyl ether is a clear, colorless
liquid. Pungent, fruity odor. It is also described as having
a chlorinated solvent-like odor. | [Melting point ]
−47 °C(lit.)
| [Boiling point ]
65-67 °C15 mm Hg(lit.)
| [density ]
1.22 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
| [vapor pressure ]
0.4 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
| [refractive index ]
n20/D 1.456(lit.)
| [Fp ]
131 °F
| [storage temp. ]
2-8°C | [solubility ]
0.01g/l | [form ]
Colorless liquid | [color ]
Colorless to Almost colorless | [Odor]
Sweet, like chloroform. | [Stability:]
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. | [explosive limit]
0.8%(V) | [Water Solubility ]
Slightly soluble. 1.72 g/100 mL | [Detection Methods]
GC | [Merck ]
14,3066 | [BRN ]
605317 | [Henry's Law Constant]
(x 10-5 atm?m3/mol):
124.7, 15.8, 72.0, 12.5, and 1.38 at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C, respectively (EPICS, Howe et al.,
1987) | [Dielectric constant]
20.789999999999999 | [Exposure limits]
NIOSH REL: TWA 5 ppm (30 mg/m3), STEL 10 ppm, IDLH 100 ppm;
OSHA PEL: C 15 ppm (90 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: TWA 30 mg/m3, STEL 60 mg/m3. | [InChIKey]
ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N | [LogP]
1.12-1.56 at 20℃ | [CAS DataBase Reference]
111-44-4(CAS DataBase Reference) | [IARC]
3 (Vol. 9, Sup 7, 71) 1999 | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Beta,beta'-dichloroethyl ether(111-44-4) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
111-44-4(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T+,T,F | [Risk Statements ]
R10:Flammable.
R26/27/28:Very Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect.
R39/23/24/25:Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed .
R11:Highly Flammable. | [Safety Statements ]
S27:Take off immediately all contaminated clothing .
S28:After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) .
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S7/9:Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place . | [RIDADR ]
UN 1916 6.1/PG 2
| [WGK Germany ]
2
| [RTECS ]
KN0875000
| [Autoignition Temperature]
365 °C | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
6.1 | [PackingGroup ]
II | [HS Code ]
29091900 | [Safety Profile]
A poison by ingestion,
skin contact, and inhalation. A skin, eye, and
mucous membrane irritant. Questionable
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic
and tumorigenic data. Mutation data
reported. Exposure to 1000 ppm for 30 to
60 minutes may result in death within days.
The odor is easily detectable at 35 ppm
whch causes only slight irritation.
Flammable liquid when exposed to heat,
flame, or oxidants. Dangerous explosion
hazard; reacts vigorously with oleum,
chlorosulfonic acid. Reacts with water or
steam to evolve toxic and corrosive fumes.
Can react vigorously with oxidizing
materials. To fight fire, use water, foam,
mist, fog, spray, dry chemical. When heated
to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of
Cl-. See also ETHERS. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
111-44-4(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in rats: 75 mg/kg (Smyth, Carpenter) | [IDLA]
100 ppm |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
A clear colorless liquid with a sweet pleasant or nauseating odor. Flash point 131°F. Denser than water and insoluble in water. Toxic by inhalation and skin absorption. Used in cleaning compounds, paints, textile finishing, and as a general solvent. | [Reactivity Profile]
2,2'-DICHLORODIETHYL ETHER(111-44-4) may form phosgene or hydrogen when heated to high temperature. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154]. Mixing in equal molar portions with the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid and oleum [NFPA 1991]. | [Air & Water Reactions]
Flammable. Insoluble in water. Reacts slowly with water to form HCl. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154]. | [Health Hazard]
This material is very toxic; the probable oral lethal dose is 50-500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoonful and 1 ounce for a 150 pound person. It can be a central nervous system depressant in high concentrations. It is extremely irritating to the eyes, nose, and respiratory passages. It can penetrate the skin to cause serious and even fatal poisoning. Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. | [Potential Exposure]
Dichloroethyl ether is used as a soil
fumigant, an insecticide, and an acaricide; in the manufacture of paint, varnish, lacquer, soap, and finish removers. It
is also used as a solvent for cellulose esters, naphthalenes,
oils, fats, waxes, greases, pectin, tar, and gum; in dry cleaning and in textile scouring. | [Fire Hazard]
May form phosgene or hydrogen chloride in fires. There is danger of explosion when ethers are heated or exposed to flames or sparks. Ethers tend to form peroxides; when ethers containing peroxides are heated, they can detonate. May be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Decomposes in the presence of moisture to form hydrochloric acid. Emits toxic fumes when heated to decomposition. Reacts vigorously with oleum and chlorosulfonic acid. Ethers tend to form peroxides upon standing. Heating peroxide-containing ethers can cause detonation. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get
medical attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours
after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be
delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or
authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or
other inhalation therapy | [Shipping]
UN1916 2,20
-Dichlorodiethyl ether, Hazard
class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, 3-Flammable
liquid | [Incompatibilities]
Contact with moisture caused decomposition producing hydrochloric acid. Can form peroxides.
May form explosive mixture with air. Contact with strong
oxidizers may cause fire and explosion hazard. Attacks
some plastics, rubber, and coatings. Attacks metals in the
presence of moisture | [Description]
Dichloroethyl ether is a clear, colorless liquidwith a pungent, fruity odor. It is also described as having achlorinated solvent-like odor. Molecular weight=143.02;Boiling point=176-178℃; Flash point=55℃;Autoignition temperature=369℃; Explosive limits:LEL=2.7%; UEL=unknown. Hazard Identification(based on NFPA-704 M Rating System): Health 3,Flammability 2, Reactivity 1. Insoluble in water. | [Chemical Properties]
colourless liquid | [Chemical Properties]
Dichloroethyl ether is a clear, colorless
liquid. Pungent, fruity odor. It is also described as having
a chlorinated solvent-like odor. | [Waste Disposal]
A potential candidate for
liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650
to 1600C and a residence time 0.1 to 2 seconds. Also,
a potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at
a temperature range of 820 to 1600C and residence times
of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. Also,
a potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a
temperature range of 450 to 980C and residence times of
seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste
containing this contaminant (≧100 kg/mo) must conform
with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation,
treatment, and waste disposal | [Physical properties]
Colorless to pale yellow volatile liquid with a pungent, fruity, chlorinated-like odor. The low odor
and high odor threshold concentrations were 90.0 and 2,160 mg/m3, respectively (Ruth, 1986). | [Uses]
Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether (BCEE) is used as ascouring agent for textiles; as a dewaxingagent for lubricating oils; as a soil fumigant;as a solvent for resins, oils, and lacquers; andin organic synthesis. | [Uses]
Reagent for organic synthesis; solvent. Has been used as a scouring agent for textiles; as soil fumigant. | [Uses]
Soil fumigant; acaricide. | [Definition]
ChEBI: Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether is an ether. | [Flammability and Explosibility]
Notclassified | [Chemical Reactivity]
Reactivity with Water : No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: V; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent. | [Source]
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether does not occur naturally in the environment. In Canada, this
compound enters the environment as a by-product from chlorination of waste streams containing
ethylene, propylene (Environment Canada, 1993) or ethyl ether (quoted, Verschueren, 1983). | [Environmental Fate]
Biological. When 5 and 10 mg/L of bis(2-chloroethyl)ether were statically incubated
in the dark at 25°C with yeast extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum, complete
degradation was observed after 7 days (Tabak et al., 1981).
Chemical/Physical. Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether is subject to hydrolysis (Enfield and Yates,
1990; NIOSH, 1994). The hydrolysis rate constant for bis(2-chloroethyl)ether at pH 7 and
25°C was determined to be 2.6 × 10–5/hour, resulting in a half-life o
Emits chlorinated acids when incinerated (Sittig, 1985). | [storage]
Color Code—Blue: Health Hazard/Poison: Storein a secure poison location. Prior to working with BCEEyou should be trained on its proper handling and storage.Before entering confined space where this chemical may bepresent, check to make sure that an explosive concentrationdoes not exist. Bis (2-chloroethyl) ether must be stored toavoid contact with strong oxidizers, such as chlorine, bromine, and chlorine dioxide, since violent reactions occur,and moisture. Store in tightly closed containers in a cool,dry, well-ventilated area away from heat. Sources of ignition, such as smoking and open flames are prohibited wherebis (2-chloroethyl) ether is used, handled, or stored in amanner that could create a potential fire or explosion hazard. A regulated, marked area should be established wherethis chemical is handled, used, or stored in compliance withOSHA Standard 1910.1045. | [Purification Methods]
Wash the ether with conc H2SO4, then Na2CO3 solution, dry with anhydrous Na2CO3, and finally pass it through a 50cm column of activated alumina before distillation. Altern |
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