Tantal(V)-chlorid Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R34:Verursacht Verätzungen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
Chemische Eigenschaften
Pale-yellow, crystalline powder; highly
reactive. Decomposed by moist air. Soluble in alcohol and potassium hydroxide
solution. Keep well stoppered.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Yellow monoclinic crystals; hygroscopic; density 3.68 g/cm
3; melts at 216°C; vaporizes at 239.4°C; critical temperature 494°C; critical volume 402 cm
3/mol; can be sublimed without decomposition in chlorine atmosphere; reacts with water; soluble in ethanol, ether and carbon tetrachloride.
Verwenden
Tantalum(V) chloride is used in the preparation of catalyst for the polycyclotrimerizations of alkenediynes, chloro-aryloxide compounds and for the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of tantalum nitride films. It acts as a starting material for new edge-bridged octahedral M6 cluster compounds. It is involved in the preparation of tantalum(V) oxychloride, tantalum pentoxide. It is electrophilic and behaves like a Friedel-Crafts type catalyst, similar to aluminum(III) chloride.
Vorbereitung Methode
Tantalum pentachloride, TaCl5, forms strongly hydroscopic, needle-shaped white crystals. It is produced on an industrial scale in large tonnage by the chlorination of tantalum scrap or ferrotantalum with NaFeCl4 or by the reductive chlorination of natural ores or synthetic raw materials. High purity TaCl5 is hydrolyzed with steam and thus converted to Ta2O5 of the highest purity. The reduction of TaCl5 with Mg or Al was repeatedly attempted but this thermite-type process never attained any industrial application. TaCl5 is soluble in absolute alcohol, forming the corresponding alkoxides. The alkoxides as well as the chlorides are suitable products for the deposition of tantalum or tantalum pentoxide layers.
Application
Tantalum(V) chloride is an excellent water soluble crystalline Tantalum source for uses compatible with chlorides.
Used to form mixed chloro-aryloxide compounds, such as [Ta(OC6H3-2,6-i-Pr2)2Cl3]2, which form pyridine or phosphine adducts with a distortedsix-coordinate geometry.
Also used as a starting material for new edge-bridged octahedral M6 cluster compounds such as CsErTa6Cl18, for which electron and stability studies were performed.
Used in the preparation of a simple catalyst for the polycyclotrimerizations of alkenediynes.
Used for the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of tantalum nitride films.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by ingestion. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
läuterung methode
Purify it by sublimation in a stream of Cl2. It forms colourless needles when pure (yellow when contaminated with even less than 1% of NbCl5). It is sensitive to H2O; even in conc HCl it decomposes to tantalic acid. It is soluble in EtOH. [Rolsten J Am Chem Soc 80 2952 1958, Brauer in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1302 1965.]
Tantal(V)-chlorid Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
