1-Chlor-1,1-difluorethan Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSES KOMPRIMIERTES FLüSSIGGAS.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Das Gas ist schwerer als Luft. Es kann sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich. Das Gas kann sich in tiefer gelegenen Bereichen sammeln und den Luftsauerstoff verdrängen.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger und ätzender Gase mit Chlorwasserstoff und Fluorwasserstoff. Reagiert sehr heftig mit Oxidationsmitteln unter Feuergefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 1000 ppm, 4200 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor II(8); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe D (DFG 2006).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine gesundheitsschädliche Konzentration des Gases in der Luft wird beim Entweichen aus dem Behälter sehr schnell erreicht.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Schnelle Verdampfung kann zu Erfrierungen führen. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Herzkreislaufsystem.
LECKAGE
Gefahrenbereich verlassen! Fachmann zu Rate ziehen! Belüftung. Zündquellen entfernen. Wasserstrahl NIEMALS auf die Flüssigkeit richten. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Chemikalienschutzanzug mit umgebungsluftunabhängigem Atemschutzgerät.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R12:Hochentzündlich.
R59:Gefährlich für die Ozonschicht.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S38:Bei unzureichender Belüftung Atemschutzgerät anlegen.
S59:Informationen zur Wiederverwendung/Wiederverwertung beim Hersteller/Lieferanten erfragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
colourless gas
Verwenden
Please view www.aldrich.com/epaods regarding the EPA′s request for application information of Ozone Depleting Substances
Vorbereitung Methode
Chlorodifluoroethane is prepared by the chlorination of difluoroethane
in the presence of a suitable catalyst; hydrochloric acid is
also formed. The chlorodifluoroethane is purified to remove all
traces of water and hydrochloric acid, as well as traces of the
starting and intermediate materials.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A colorless, odorless gas shipped as a liquid under own vapor pressure. Contact with the unconfined liquid may cause frostbite by evaporative cooling. Easily ignited. Vapors heavier than air. A leak may be either liquid or vapor. May asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat may cause the containers to violently rupture and rocket.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable.
Reaktivität anzeigen
1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane is chemically inert in many situations, but can react violently with strong reducing agents such as the very active metals and the active metals. Can react with strong oxidizing agents or weaker oxidizing agents under extremes of temperature.
Hazard
Flammable gas. Explosive limits in air 9.0–
14.8%.
Health Hazard
Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be irritating if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.
Brandgefahr
EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. CAUTION: Hydrogen (UN1049), Deuterium (UN1957), Hydrogen, refrigerated liquid (UN1966) and Methane (UN1971) are lighter than air and will rise. Hydrogen and Deuterium fires are difficult to detect since they burn with an invisible flame. Use an alternate method of detection (thermal camera, broom handle, etc.) Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
Chlorodifluoroethane is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) aerosol
propellant previously used in topical pharmaceutical formula-
tions. However, it is no longer permitted for use in pharmaceutical
formulations because of its harmful effects on the environment. It
was also generally used in conjunction with difluoroethane to form
a propellant blend with a specific gravity of 1. Chlorodifluoroethane
was also used in combination with chlorodifluoromethane
and hydrocarbon propellants. Chlorodifluoroethane may be used as
a vehicle for dispersions and emulsions.
Sicherheitsprofil
Very ddly toxic by
inhalation. Mutation data reported. A very
dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat,
flame, or oxidzing materials. To fight fire,
stop flow of gas. Can react vigorously with
oxidizing materials. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Fand Cl-.
Sicherheit(Safety)
Chlorodifluoroethane is no longer permitted for use as an aerosol propellant in topical pharmaceutical formulations. It is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant material.
Deliberate inhalation of excessive quantities of chlorofluorocarbon propellant may result in death, and the following ‘warning’ statements must appear on the label of all aerosols:
WARNING: Avoid inhalation. Keep away from eyes or other mucous membranes.
(Aerosols designed specifically for oral and nasal inhalation need not contain this statement.)
WARNING: Do not inhale directly; deliberate inhalation of contents can cause death.
or
WARNING: Use only as directed; intentional misuse by deliberately concentrating and inhaling the contents can be harmful or fatal.
Additionally, the label should contain the following information:
WARNING: Contents under pressure. Do not puncture or incinerate container. Do not expose to heat or store at room temperature above 120°F (498℃). Keep out of the reach of children.
In the USA, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) additionally requires the following information on all aerosols containing chlorofluorocarbons as the propellant:
WARNING: Contains a chlorofluorocarbon that may harm the public health and environment by reducing ozone in the upper atmosphere.
mögliche Exposition
Chlorodifluoroethane is used in refrigerants; solvents; as a propellant in aerosol sprays; and as an
intermediate in the production of highly specialized
fluoropolymers.
Lager
Chlorodifluoroethane is a nonreactive and stable material. The
liquefied gas is stable when used as a propellant and should be
stored in a metal cylinder in a cool, dry place.
Versand/Shipping
UN25171-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane or
Refrigerant gas R-142b, Hazard Class: 2.1; Labels: 2.1-
Flammable gas. Cylinders must be transported in a secure
upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder
and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal
law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation
of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.
Inkompatibilitäten
The liquefied gas poured into water may
be violently explosive. This is due to the phase transition
from superheated liquid to vapor. Chlorodifluoroethane
is generally chemically inert; however, it can react violently with strong reducing agents such as hydrides and
highly active metals. It will react with strong oxidizers
(chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates,
chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires
or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong
bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides strong oxidizing
agents. It can also react with weak oxidizers under extreme temperatures. Decomposes in heat to form phosgene;
HF and hydrogen chloride
Waste disposal
Return refillable compressed
gas cylinders to supplier
1-Chlor-1,1-difluorethan Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
