Human chromosome 14q11.2 shows the presence of all human RNases. Only eight (RNase 1-8) of them were true called as canonical RNases. And the rest nine to thirteen are called as noncanonical RNases. Human RNase 1 is called as HP-RNase or human pancreatic RNase. Human RNase 2 is also called as EDN (eosinophils derived neurotoxin) that is isolated from eosinophils.
Purification Methods
Purify it by (NH4)2SO4 fractionation, followed by PC cellulose chromatography and affinity chromatography (using Sepharose 4B to which (G)n is covalently bonded). [Schmukler et al. J Biol Chem 250 2206 1975.] Ribozymes. These are ribonucleic acids which act like protein enzyme in catalyzing the making and breaking of peptide bonds as well as catalyzing reactions and cleavage of DNA and RNA molecules. The short RNAs are being intensively studied (see RNAi below). MicroRNAs (miRNA, see also below) are ubiquitous and are also genetically produced. They are involved in numerous reactions from splicing RNA, e.g. mRNA (messenger RNA) to controlling transcription of DNA to RNA, and translation of RNA to protein. Each miRNA is capable of being involved in a small number to hundreds of interactions with nucleic acids and with proteins.
