Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Stanolone: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications and Analytical Methods
Stanolone is a synthetic androgen hormone with anabolic effects used in breast cancer treatment, caution needed for side effects, LC-MS/MS for accurate serum measurement.
Feb 21,2024 APINilotinib: Pharmacokinetics, Tolerability and Dosage
Nilotinib, used in imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia treatment, exhibits dose-dependent serum concentrations and good tolerability. The recommended dosage is 400 mg twice daily.
Feb 21,2024 APIGliclazide: Pharmacodynamic Properties, Pharmacokinetic Properties and Therapeutic Efficacy
Gliclazide effectively reduces blood glucose levels in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients by improving insulin secretion and sensitivity with potential benefits for diabetic retinopathy.
Feb 21,2024 APIPiracetam: Pharmacological Effects and Pharmacokinetics
Piracetam influences neurotransmitters, enhances neuroplasticity, and exhibits vascular effects, supporting its therapeutic potential in neurological and vascular conditions.
Feb 20,2024 APIEstriol: Physiology and Clinical Uses
Estriol shows promise in managing multiple sclerosis and menopause-related symptoms due to its immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties.
Feb 20,2024 APITrametinib: Potent MEK Inhibitor with Specific Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties
Trametinib has specific pharmacokinetic properties, high plasma protein binding, and limited drug interactions. It effectively targets MEK1 and MEK2 in targeted cancer therapy.
Feb 20,2024 APIFludioxonil: Versatile Fungal Control Agent and Unique Mode of Action
Fludioxonil protects crops by targeting fungal protein kinase, inhibiting growth and ensuring healthy seedling emergence. It offers cost-effective and sustainable fungal control in agriculture.
Feb 20,2024 APIAndrostenedione: Occurrence and Metabolism
Androstenedione is a steroidal hormone produced by gonads and adrenal glands, involved in testosterone biosynthesis and playing a crucial role in bone health.
Feb 19,2024 APIUnderstanding the Side Effects and Dosage of MK 677
MK 677 may cause water retention and hunger. Optimal dosage is 25mg/day to avoid side effects. Consult a healthcare professional before use for safety.
Feb 19,2024 APIDaptomycin: Unique Mechanism, Immunomodulating Potential, and Intracellular Bactericidal Activity
Daptomycin, a unique lipopeptide antibiotic, effectively disrupts Gram-positive bacterial membranes and modulates immune responses, promising for osteomyelitis treatment.
Feb 19,2024 API