Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API), popularly speaking, are the raw materials of medicines, only pharmaceutical raw materials are processed into pharmaceutical preparations , can they become medicines available for clinical use, so drugs we usually eat are the finished drugs through processing. Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients based on its sources can be divided into two major categories ,including chemical synthetic drugs and natural chemical drugs. Chemical synthetic drugs can be divided into organic synthetic drugs and inorganic synthetic drugs. Inorganic synthetic drugs are inorganic compounds ( very few is element), such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium trisilicate which are used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers ; organic synthetic drugs are mainly composed of drugs made by basic organic chemical raw materials, through a series of organic chemical reactions (such as aspirin, chloramphenicol, caffeine, etc.). Natural chemical drugs ,based on its sources,can be divided into two categories including biochemical drugs and plant chemical drugs. Antibiotics are generally made by the microbial fermentation, which belongs to the biochemistry category. A variety of semi-synthetic antibiotics occurs in recent years,which are biosynthesis and chemical synthesis combining products.Among active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, the organic synthetic drugs varieties, yields and values have the largest proportion,which are the main pillars of the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The quality of active Pharmaceutical Ingredients decides whether the formulation is good or bad , so its quality standards are very strict ,countries in the world have developed national pharmacopoeia standards and strict quality control methods for its widely used active Pharmaceutical ingredients.
Clavulanic acid: Antimicrobial Activity, Susceptibility, Administration and Dosage, Clinical Uses etc.
Clavulanic acid is a naturally occurring beta-lactamase inhibitor which was isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus (Reading and Cole, 1977).
Mar 17,2022 APIIntrinsic antitumor effect of tween 80
Tween 80, also known as polysorbate 80, chemically called polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate, is a light yellow to orange-yellow viscous liquid.
Mar 17,2022 APIThe review of sodium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, lye and caustic soda, with the chemical formula of NaOH, is a strong alkali with high corrosivity, generally white flakes or particles.
Mar 17,2022 APITelithromycin---semisynthetic antibiotics
Telithromycin (Keteks, Sanofi-Aventis) is the first marketed member of a new class of semisynthetic antibiotics, the ketolides, structurally derived from erythromycin A.
Mar 16,2022 APIAn antimicrobial agent---Azithromycin
Azithromycin was obtained by Beckman rearrangement of the oxime derivative of the ketone of erythromycin, leading to a 15-membered macrocycle, followed by its reduction and N-alkylation.
Mar 16,2022 APIStanozolol:Body builder
Stanozolol can be administered orally or intramuscularly. Some of its therapeutic uses include the treatment of aplastic anemia and hereditary angioedema.
Mar 16,2022 APIToxicity of Moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin (Bay 12-8039) is a fourth-generation synthetic fluoroquinolone developed by Bayer Pharmaceuticals in the early 1990s. It has a molecular weight of 401.431 and has the chemical formula 1-c
Mar 15,2022 APIWhat is Erythromycin?
Erythromycin (CAS: 114-07-8), thereafter renamed erythromycin A, was first isolated at Eli Lilly from a strain of Streptomyces erythreus. It is the first representative of the class of macrolide antib
Mar 15,2022 APIToxicity of Neomycin
Neomycin is an aminoglycoside compound that is relatively toxic and therefore not used systemically. Neomycin was first described by Waksman and Lechevalier in 1949 as a product of Streptomyces fradia
Mar 15,2022 APIClinical Uses of Isepamicin
Isepamicin is inactivated less than gentamicin by high concentration of various penicillins and beta-lactamase inhibitors.
Mar 15,2022 API