Nitrates

Nitrates Struktur
CAS-Nr.
Englisch Name:
Nitrates
Synonyma:
Nitrates
CBNumber:
CB21028667
Summenformel:
Molgewicht:
0
MOL-Datei:
Mol file

Nitrates Eigenschaften

Sicherheit

RIDADR  UN 3218 5.1/ PGII
RIDADR  UN 3218 5.1/ PGIII
HazardClass  5.1
PackingGroup  II
PackingGroup  III

Nitrates Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO)

Glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) and isosorbide dinitrate are listed in the WHO Model List of Essential Drugs.

Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung

Nitrates, a combination of nitrogen and oxygen, are salts of nitric acid and metals. When used as fertilizers, nitrates are generally salts of ammonium, sodium, potassium and calcium. Nitrates are monovalent ions used as fertilizers, either individually or as mixtures. Most nitrates are water-soluble and when applied to the soil as a fertilizer, are easily leached out because of their weak binding to soil particles.
Because nitrate contains nitrogen in its highest oxidation state (+5), it is a useful oxidizing agent and is often a constituent of matches and explosives. Leaching of nitrates causes low efficiency of nitrogen use. Principal issues relating to nitrates are: (a) surface water eutrophication, (b) increased production of nitrous oxide from the received waters, and (c) increased nitrate concentration in drinking water.
The excess of nitrate in drinking water is harmful. The allowable limit of nitrates in Europe is 50 mg/liter. The upper limit is set, particularly, to protect infants from the possible risk of acute methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome), arising from their consumption of water containing excess nitrates. If excessive nitrates get consumed, the nitrite (NO2-) reacts with food components in the stomach and can give rise to carcinogenic nitroso compounds.
A plant gets the required nitrogen for its growth mostly as nitrate (NO3-) and partly as ammonium (NK4+). The nitrate uptake is high in acidic soil. Under anaerobic conditions, micro-organisms reduce nitrates to nitrites, then to ammoniacal salts and finally to gaseous nitrogen which is lost to the atmosphere.

Sicherheitsprofil

Large amounts taken by mouth may have serious or even fatal effects. The symptoms are dzziness, abdominal cramps, vomiting, bloody diarrhea, weakness, convulsions, and collapse. Small, repeated doses may lead to weakness, general depression, headache, and mental impairment. Also, there is some implication of increased cancer incidence among those exposed. Flammable by spontaneous chemical reaction; practically all nitrates are powerful oxidzing agents. Some nitrates may explode when shocked, exposed to heat or flame, or by spontaneous chemical reaction (see also EXPLOSIVES, HIGH). All the inorganic nitrates act as oxygen carriers; under proper condtions, these can give up their oxygen to other materials which may in turn detonate. Ammonium nitrate has all the properties of the other nitrates, but it is also able to detonate by itself under certain conditions. It is therefore a high explosive, although very insensitive to impact and difficult to detonate. In the pure state, it requires a combination of an initiator and a high explosive. It is a relatively safe high explosive, which, however, must be stored in a cool, ventilated place away from acute fire hazards and easily oxidized materials. Ammonium nitrate must not be confined because, if a fire should start, confinement can cause detonation with extremely violent results. Violent reaction with Al, BP, cyanide, esters, PN2H, P, NaCN, SnCl2, sodum hypophosphte, thocyanates. Dangerous disaster hazard due to fire and explosion hazard. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. They are powerful oxidizing agents that may cause violent reaction with reducing materials. Nitrates should be protected carefully in storage.

Nitrates Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte


Nitrates Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

Global( 3)Lieferanten
Firmenname Telefon E-Mail Land Produktkatalog Edge Rate
R G Enterprises --
India 1 58
ecochem international chemical broker --
export@ecochem.dk Europe 6385 66
kemikalieimport --
Sales@kemikalieimport.dk Europe 6699 47

  • Nitrates
Copyright 2019 © ChemicalBook. All rights reserved