3-(4-Chlorphenyl)-1,1-dimethylharnstoff Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
White, crystalline solid; odorless. Very low solubility in water and hydrocarbonsolvents; slightly soluble in oils; partially soluble inalcohols; stable toward oxidation and moisture.
Verwenden
Monuron may be used as a reference standard in the determination of monuron in rice and corn using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection combined with ultraviolet decomposition and post-column derivatization.
Definition
ChEBI: A member of the class of ureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
White crystalline solid or white powder with a slight odor. Melting point 175°C. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Used as an herbicide.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water. Is hydrolyzed slowly by acids and alkalis, and more rapidly on heating .
Reaktivität anzeigen
MONURON is a chlorinated urea derivative. May react with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. May react with strong reducing agents to generate flammable gases. Reacts as a weak base. Combustion generates mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
Hazard
Questionable carcinogen.
Health Hazard
Toxic properties are similar to Diuron; hydro-lyzes under acidic or alkaline conditions top-chloroaniline, which can cause anemia andmethemoglobinemia; LD50 data published inthe literature differ; acute and chronic tox-icity of this herbicide is probably of loworder; no reported case of human poisoning; showed clear evidence of carcinogenicity in male F344/N rats fed diets containing 750 ppm monuron for 2 years; causedcancers in the kidney and liver (NationalToxicology Program 1988); female rats andmale and female mice (B6C3F1) showed noevidence; induced cytomegaly of the renalepithelial cells in rats.
LD50 oral (rat): 3700 mg/kg (Bailey andWhite, 1965)
LD50 oral (rat): 1053 mg/kg (Lewis 1995).
Brandgefahr
Flash point data for MONURON are not available; however, MONURON is probably combustible.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
ingestion, intraperitoneal, and possibly other
routes. Experimental teratogenic and
reproductive effects. Questionable
carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic
data. Mutation data reported. An herbicide.
When heated to decomposition it emits very
toxic fumes of NOx and Cl-.
Environmental Fate
Biological. Monuron was mineralized in sewage samples obtained from a water treatment
plant in Ithica, NY. (4-Chlorophenyl)urea and 4-chloroaniline were tentatively identified
as metabolites (Wang et al., 1985).
Soil/
Plant. In soils and plants, monuron is demethylated at the terminal nitrogen atom
coupled with ring hydroxylation forming 3-(2-hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)urea and 3-(3-
hydroxy-4-chlorophenyl)urea (Hartley and Kidd, 1987). Walln?efer et al. (197
Photolytic. When an aqueous solution of monuron was exposed to sunlight or simulated
sunlight, the major degradative pathways observed were the photooxidation and demethylation
of the N-methyl groups (Crosby and Tang, 1969; Tanaka et al., 1982a),
Tanaka et al. (1981) studied the photolysis of monuron in dilute aqueous solutions in
order to fully characterize a substituted diphenylamine that was observed in an earlier
investigation (Tanaka et al., 1977). They identified this compound as an isomeric mixture
containing 92% 2-chloro-4￠,5-bis(N￠,N￠-dimethylureido)biphenyl and 8% 5-chloro-2,4￠-
bis(N￠,N￠-dimethylureido)biphenyl (Tanaka et al., 1981).
Tanaka et al. (1982) undertook a study to identify the several biphenyls formed in
earlier photolysis studies (Tanaka et al., 1979, 1981). They identified these compounds as
2,4￠-, 3,4￠- and 4,4￠-bis-(N￠,N￠-dimethylureido)biphenyls (fenuron biphenyls) (Ta
läuterung methode
Crystallise monuron from MeOH. [Beilstein 12 IV 1191.]
3-(4-Chlorphenyl)-1,1-dimethylharnstoff Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
