Pentachlorphenol

Pentachlorophenol Struktur
87-86-5
CAS-Nr.
87-86-5
Bezeichnung:
Pentachlorphenol
Englisch Name:
Pentachlorophenol
Synonyma:
dust;PCP;Penta;2,3,4,5,6-Pentachlorophenol;Pentachlorphenol;mist;hog;good;Chlorophen;Phenol, pentachloro-
CBNumber:
CB8854526
Summenformel:
C6HCl5O
Molgewicht:
266.34
MOL-Datei:
87-86-5.mol

Pentachlorphenol Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt:
165-180 °C(lit.)
Siedepunkt:
310 °C(lit.)
Dichte
1.978 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Dampfdichte
9.2 (vs air)
Dampfdruck
40 mm Hg ( 211.2 °C)
Brechungsindex
1.6310 (estimate)
Flammpunkt:
11 °C
storage temp. 
0-6°C
Löslichkeit
Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Sparingly)
pka
4.80 (Blackman et al., 1955)
5.3 (Eder and Weber, 1980)
Wasserlöslichkeit
80 mg l-1(30 °C)
Aggregatzustand
Liquid
Wichte
1.979
Merck 
7109
BRN 
1285380
Henry's Law Constant
21 (quoted, Petrasek et al., 1983)
Expositionsgrenzwerte
NIOSH REL: IDLH 0.5 mg/m3, IDLH 2.5 mg/m3; OSHA PEL: TWA 0.5 mg/m3; ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.5 mg/m3
Stabilität:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
CAS Datenbank
87-86-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
IARC
1 (Vol. 53, 71, 117) 2019
EPA chemische Informationen
Pentachlorophenol (87-86-5)
Sicherheit
  • Risiko- und Sicherheitserklärung
  • Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)
Kennzeichnung gefährlicher T+,N,T,F,Xn
R-Sätze: 24/25-26-36/37/38-40-50/53-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11-52/53-51/53
S-Sätze: 22-36/37-45-52-60-61-16-7
RIDADR  UN 3155 6.1/PG 2
OEB C
OEL TWA: 0.5 mg/m3 [skin]
WGK Germany  3
RTECS-Nr. SM6300000
HazardClass  6.1(a)
PackingGroup  II
HS Code  29081100
Giftige Stoffe Daten 87-86-5(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxizität Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is very toxic to plants and are used as preharvest defoliants and general herbicides. Their use as herbicides is currently restricted to nonagricultural uses along drainage ditches, driveways, and fencerows.
Commercial (technical) grades of PCP commonly contain manufacturing by- products, such as dioxin (HxCDD), which can be more toxic than the PCP itself. Another contaminant in PCP is HCB (Hexachlorobenzene). The use of PCP is being phased out because of the discovery of these highly toxic contaminants (9). PCP is a Restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Restricted Use Pesticides may be purchased and used only by certified applicators.
In 1988 the EPA announced further restrictions on the use of PCP as in the pulp and paper industry where it is used in paper coatings, sizing, adhesives and in inks. Registration for use in cooling towers and for certain oil well operations was also cancelled. The 1988 regulations also required compliance with dioxin (HxCDD) concentration limits in the final product.
IDLA 2.5 mg/m3
Bildanzeige (GHS) GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
Alarmwort Achtung
Gefahrenhinweise
Code Gefahrenhinweise Gefahrenklasse Abteilung Alarmwort Symbol P-Code
H315 Verursacht Hautreizungen. Hautreizung Kategorie 2 Warnung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS07.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P264, P280, P302+P352, P321,P332+P313, P362
H319 Verursacht schwere Augenreizung. Schwere Augenreizung Kategorie 2 Warnung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS07.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P264, P280, P305+P351+P338,P337+P313P
H330 Lebensgefahr bei Einatmen. Akute Toxizität inhalativ Kategorie 1 Achtung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS06.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P260, P271, P284, P304+P340, P310,P320, P403+P233, P405, P501
H335 Kann die Atemwege reizen. Spezifische Zielorgan-Toxizität (einmalige Exposition) Kategorie 3 (Atemwegsreizung) Warnung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS07.jpg" width="20" height="20" />
H351 Kann vermutlich Krebs verursachen. Karzinogenität Kategorie 2 Warnung P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405,P501
H410 Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen mit langfristiger Wirkung. Langfristig (chronisch) gewässergefährdend Kategorie 1 Warnung GHS hazard pictogramssrc="/GHS09.jpg" width="20" height="20" /> P273, P391, P501
Sicherheit
P202 Vor Gebrauch alle Sicherheitshinweise lesen und verstehen.
P273 Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden.
P280 Schutzhandschuhe/Schutzkleidung/Augenschutz tragen.
P305+P351+P338 BEI KONTAKT MIT DEN AUGEN: Einige Minuten lang behutsam mit Wasser spülen. Eventuell vorhandene Kontaktlinsen nach Möglichkeit entfernen. Weiter spülen.

Pentachlorphenol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

ERSCHEINUNGSBILD

WEISSE KRISTALLE ODER FESTSTOFF IN VERSCHIEDENEN FORMEN MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.

CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN

Zersetzung beim Erhitzen über 200°C unter Bildung von giftigen und ätzenden Rauchen mit Dioxinen. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln.

ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE

TLV: 0.5 mg/m?(als TWA); Hautresorption; Krebskategorie A3 (bestätigte krebserzeugende Wirkung beim Tier mit unbekannter Bedeutung für den Menschen); BEI vorhanden; (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: Hautresorption; Krebserzeugend Kategorie: 2; (DFG 2005).

AUFNAHMEWEGE

Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.

INHALATIONSGEFAHREN

Verdampfung bei 20 °C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden.

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION

WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION:
Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atmungsorgane. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Herz-Kreislaufsystem mit nachfolgenden Herzfunktionsstörungen undHerzmuskelschwäche.

WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION

Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf Zentralnervensystem, Nieren, Leber, Lunge, Immunsystemund Schilddrüse. Möglicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen. Tierversuche zeigen, dass die Substanz möglicherweise fruchtbarkeitsschädigend oder entwicklungsschädigend wirken kann.

LECKAGE

Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen.Umfassende Schutzkleidung. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P3-Filter für giftige Partikel.

R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

R24/25:Giftig bei Berührung mit der Haut und beim Verschlucken.
R26:Sehr giftig beim Einatmen.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R52/53:Schädlich für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.

S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S52:Nicht großflächig für Wohn- und Aufenthaltsräume zu verwenden.
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S16:Von Zündquellen fernhalten - Nicht rauchen.
S7:Behälter dicht geschlossen halten.

Chemische Eigenschaften

Pentachlorophenol is a colorless to white, crystalline solid. It has a benzene-like odor; pungent when hot. The Odor Threshold in water is 1600 μg/L and the taste threshold in water is 30 μg/L.

Physikalische Eigenschaften

White flakes or needles with a phenolic odor. At 40 °C, the average odor threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at which an odor was detected were 23 and 9.3 μg/L, respectively. At 25 °C, the lowest concentration at which a taste was detected was 8 μg/L (Young et al., 1996).

Verwenden

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is an odourless, white or light brown powder or crystal in appearance. It is used as herbicide and fungicide. Pentachlorophenol is incompatible with strong oxidising agents. Pentachlorophenol has a very sharp characteristic phenolic smell when hot but very little odour at room temperature. Pentachlorophenol is a synthetic substance made from other chemicals and does not occur naturally in the environment. Initially pentachlorophenol was widely used as a wood preservative. It is now used industrially as a wood preservative for power line poles, cross arms, fence post, etc.
Used as insecticide for terminate control; pre-harvest defoliant; general herbicide. Antimicrobial preservative and fungicide for wood, wood products, starches, textiles, paints, adhesives, leather, pulp, paper, industrial waste systems, building materials. Surface disinfectant.

Definition

ChEBI: A chlorophenol that is phenol substituted by 5 chloro groups.

Vorbereitung Methode

Pentachlorophenol can be produced by the chlorination of phenol in the presence of AlCl3, or by hydrolysis of hexachlorobenzene with NaOH in methanol.

Allgemeine Beschreibung

A white crystalline solid. Slightly soluble in water. Noncombustible. Toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption. Used as a fungicide and as a wood preservative.

Air & Water Reaktionen

Slightly soluble in water.

Reaktivität anzeigen

Pentachlorophenol may react with strong oxidizing agents. Incompatible with strong bases, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. Forms salts with alkaline metals. Solutions in oil cause natural rubber to deteriorate, but synthetic rubber may be used in equipment and for protective clothing .

Health Hazard

Dust or vapor irritates skin and mucous membranes, causing coughing and sneezing. Ingestion causes loss of appetite, respiratory difficulties, anesthesia, sweating, coma. Overexposure can cause death.

Brandgefahr

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Generates toxic and irritating vapors.

Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung

Fungicide, Herbicide, Slimicide, Wood preservative: Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a commercially produced insecticide, fungicide, and slimicide. Since 1984 it has been restricted to certified applicators and is no longer available to the general public. It is primarily used to protect timber from fungal rot and wood-boring insects, but may also be used as a pre-harvest defoliant in cotton, a general pre-emergence herbicide, and as a biocide in industrial water systems. Not approved for use in EU countries. Not registered for use in the U.S. There are 48 global suppliers.

Handelsname

(The U.S. EPA lists 626 active and canceled/ transferredlabelsforthischemical) CHEM-TOL®; CHLON®; CHLOROPHEN®; CRYPTOGIL OL®; DOWCIDE® 7; DOWICIDE® 7; DOW PENTACHLOROPHENOL DP-2 ANTIMICROBIAL®; DURA TREET II®; DUROTOX®; EP 30®; FORPEN-50®; FUNGIFEN®; GLAZDPENTA ®; GRUNDIER ARBEZOL®; LAUXTOL®; LIROPREM®; ONTRACK WE HERBICIDE®; ORTHO TRIOX®; OSMOSE WPC®; PENTACHLOROPHENOL, DOWICIDE EC-7®; PENTACHLOROPHENOL, DP- 2®; PENTACON®; PENTA-KIL®; PENTA READY®; PENTASOL®; PENWAR®; PERATOX®; PERMACIDE®; PERMAGARD®; PERMASAN®; PERMATOX DP- 2®PERMATOX PENTA®; PERMITE®; POL NU®; PREVENTOL P®; PRILTOX®; SANTOBRITE®; SANTOPHEN®; SINITUHO®; TERM-I-TROL®; THOMPSON'S WOOD FIX®; WATERSHED WP®; WEEDONE®; WOODTREAT A®

Sicherheitsprofil

Confirmed human carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Human poison by ingestion. Poison experimentally by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. A skin irritant. Mutation data reported. Acute poisoning is marked by weakness with changes in respiration, blood pressure, and urinary output. Also causes dermatitis, convulsions, and collapse. Chronic exposure can cause liver and hdney injury. Dangerous; when heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of Cl-. See also CHLOROPHENOLS

mögliche Exposition

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a commercially produced bactericide, fungicide, and slimicide used primarily for the preservation of wood, wood products; and other materials. As a chlorinated hydrocarbon, its biological properties have also resulted in its use as an herbicide, and molluscicide. Two groups can be expected to encounter the largest exposures. One involves the small number of employees involved in the manufacture of PCP. All of these are presently under industrial health surveillance programs. The second and larger group are the formulators and wood theaters. Exposure, hygiene and industrial health practices can be expected to vary from the small theaters to the larger companies. The principal use as a wood preservative results in both point source water contamination at manufacturing and wood preservation sites and, conceivably, nonpoint source water contamination through runoff wherever there are PCP-treated lumber products exposing PCP to soil

Carcinogenicity

The IARC has determined that there is limited evidence for carcinogenicity in humans and sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals.

Environmental Fate

Biological. Under aerobic conditions, microbes in estuarine water partially dechlorinated pentachlorophenol to trichlorophenol (Hwang et al., 1986). The disappearance of
pentachlorophenol was studied in four aquaria with and without mud under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Potential biological and/or chemical products identified include pentachloroanisole, 2,3,4,5-, 2,3,4,6- and 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol (Boyle et al.,
Pentachlorophenol degraded in anaerobic sludge to 3,4,5-trichlorophenol which was further reduced to 3,5-dichlorophenol (Mikesell and Boyd, 1985). In activated sludge, only 0.2% of the applied amount was mineralized to carbon dioxide after 5 days (Freitag
Pentachlorophenol was statically incubated in the dark at 25°C with yeast extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum. Significant biooxidation was observed but with a gradual adaptation over a 14-day period to achieve complete degradation at 5 mg/L substrate cultures. At a concentration of 10 mg/L, it took 28 days for pentachlorophenol to degrade completely (Tabak et al., 1981).
Melcer and Bedford (1988) studied the fate of pentachlorophenol in municipal activated sludge reactor systems that were operated at solids retention times of 10 to 20 days and hydraulic retention times of 120 days. Under these conditions, pentachloropheno

Stoffwechsel

Pentachlorophenol was metabolized in rats by conjugation with glucuronic acid and eliminated as the glucuronide. P450 catalyzed oxidative dechlorination also occurred to form tetrachlorohydroquinone, and this was conjugated to form a monoglucuronide representing 27% of the dose administered. Other metabolites have been reported, including isomeric tetrachlorophenols, tetrachlorocatechol and tetrachlororesorcinol. Trace amounts of benzoquinones were also noted. Metabolites in female rats were tetrachloromonophenols, diphenols, and hydroquinones.

Versand/Shipping

UN3155 Pentachlorophenol, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

läuterung methode

Crystallise it twice from toluene/EtOH. Sublime it in vacuo.[Beilstein 6 IV 1025.]

Inkompatibilitäten

Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids, alkalies, and water.

Waste disposal

Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. Incineration (600°to 900°C) coupled with acequate scrubbing and ash disposal facilities. Alternatively pentachlorophenol

Pentachlorphenol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Upstream-Materialien

Downstream Produkte

87-86-5(Pentachlorphenol)Verwandte Suche:


  • 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-piperidin
  • 1-Hydroxy-2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobenzene
  • 1-Hydroxypentachlorobenzene
  • Acutox
  • angeldust
  • Gasoline,air fuel
  • PentachloropentadienoicAcid
  • Pentachloro
  • CLNK
  • Cytokine-dependent hematopoietic cell linker
  • Mast cell immunoreceptor signal transducer
  • PENTACHLOROPHENOL, 1GM, NEAT
  • PENTACHLOROPHENOL, 1X1ML, MEOH, 5000UG/M L
  • PENTACHLOROPHENOL 99%
  • PentachlorophenolGpr
  • busybee
  • cadillac
  • Chem-penta
  • Chem-Tol
  • Chlon
  • ci-395
  • cjs
  • cl-395
  • PCP(R)
  • PENTA(TM)
  • PENTA(R)
  • PENTACHLOROPHENOL
  • PENCHLOROL
  • SONTOX(R)
  • SANTOPHEN 20(R)
  • Pentachlorophenol tech
  • pentachlorophenol (bsi,iso)
  • pentachlorophenol solution
  • PENTACHLOROPHENATE
  • PENTACHLOROPHENOLDEGRADATIONPRODUCTS
  • PENTACHLOROPHENOLS
  • Chlorophenasic Acid
  • EP 30 (pesticide)
  • Liropr
  • angelhair
  • angelmist
  • animaltranquilizer
  • auroraborealis
  • Pentachlorophenol Solution 100ug/ml in Methanol
  • DOWICIDE 7(R)
  • CHLOROPHEN(R)
  • BIOCEL
  • Cryptogil ol
  • crystaljoints
  • cycline
  • cyclones
  • Dow pentachlorophenol dp-2 antimicrobial
  • Dowcide 7
  • Dowicide 7
  • Dowicide ec-7
  • Dura Treet II
  • Durotox
  • elephanttranquilizer
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