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Isoflurane

CAS No.
26675-46-7
Chemical Name:
Isoflurane
Synonyms
Forane;Isoflurane266;2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane;1-CHLORO-2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHYL DIFLUOROMETHYL ETHER;(2R)-2-chloro-2-(difluoroMethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane;IsofL;Forene;Aerrane;Terrell;Isourane
CBNumber:
CB8437691
Molecular Formula:
C3H2ClF5O
Molecular Weight:
184.49
MDL Number:
MFCD00066609
MOL File:
26675-46-7.mol
Last updated:2024-12-18 14:15:30

Isoflurane Properties

Melting point 48.5°C
Boiling point 48.5 °C
Density 1.510 g/mL at 25 °C
vapor pressure 238 mmHg ( 20 °C)
refractive index 1.3002
Flash point 48-49°C
storage temp. 2-8°C
solubility Practically insoluble in water, miscible with ethanol and trichloroethylene.
Specific Gravity approximate 1.50
color Colorless to Almost colorless
Water Solubility Soluble in chloroform and ethyl acetate. Not miscible or difficult to mix in water.
Merck 14,5175
BRN 1852087
Stability Stable.
InChIKey PIWKPBJCKXDKJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference 26675-46-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EWG's Food Scores 1
FDA UNII CYS9AKD70P
NCI Drug Dictionary Aerrane
ATC code N01AB06
NIST Chemistry Reference 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether(26675-46-7)
EPA Substance Registry System Isoflurane (26675-46-7)

SAFETY

Risk and Safety Statements

Symbol(GHS)  GHS hazard pictograms
GHS07
Signal word  Warning
Hazard statements  H336
Precautionary statements  P261-P271-P304+P340+P312-P403+P233-P405-P501
Hazard Codes  F,T,Xn
Risk Statements  36/37/38-67-48/20
Safety Statements  26-36/37/39-24/25
RIDADR  UN 3334
WGK Germany  3
RTECS  KN6799000
Hazard Note  Flammable/Toxic
HS Code  2909191800
Hazardous Substances Data 26675-46-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity An isomer of enflurane with similar anesthetic properties. Isoflurane has less effect on myocardial function, leaving the cardiovascular system normally responsive to epinephrine or hypercarbia, and it does not cause a marked increase in seizure susceptibility. It was not widely used because of reports that it caused increases in liver neoplasms in mice, but this observation has been challenged and the compound reintroduced.
NFPA 704
1
2 0

Isoflurane price More Price(27)

Manufacturer Product number Product description CAS number Packaging Price Updated Buy
Sigma-Aldrich Y0000858 Isoflurane European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard 26675-46-7 2EA $161 2024-03-01 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich PHR2874 Isoflurane pharmaceutical secondary standard, certified reference material 26675-46-7 1.2ML $201 2024-03-01 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich 792632 Isoflurane 26675-46-7 1g $120 2024-03-01 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich 1349003 Isoflurane United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard 26675-46-7 1ml $436 2024-03-01 Buy
TCI Chemical C2485 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl Difluoromethyl Ether >98.0%(GC) 26675-46-7 5g $50 2024-03-01 Buy
Product number Packaging Price Buy
Y0000858 2EA $161 Buy
PHR2874 1.2ML $201 Buy
792632 1g $120 Buy
1349003 1ml $436 Buy
C2485 5g $50 Buy

Isoflurane Chemical Properties,Uses,Production

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Originator

Forane,Ohio Medical,US,1980

Uses

Solvent and dispersant for fluorinated materials.

Uses

Isoflurane is a volatile anesthetic agent mainly used to study its interaction with the biological system.

Uses

Isoflurane is a halogenated ether used for inhalational anesthesia. Recent studies suggest that there might be a relationship between administration of isoflurane and postoperative cognitive dysfunct ion (POCD).

Definition

ChEBI: Isoflurane is an organofluorine compound. It has a role as an inhalation anaesthetic. It is functionally related to a methoxyethane.

Manufacturing Process

A 1-liter 3-necked stainless steel flask was fitted with a copper "Dry Ice" cold finger condenser, a stainless steel stirring shaft and gland and a copper gas inlet tube. To the flask there was then added 50 g (0.23 mol) of CF3CHClOCHCl2 and 1.5 g of SbCl5 · HF gas was then slowly bubbled through the stirred mixture which was maintained at 0°C. The reaction was run until 0.35 mol of HCl was collected, as indicated by the titration of the effluent gas which was dissolved in water. Following the fluorination 26 g of material were recovered and determined to be 90% pure by vapor phase chromatography. Fractional distillation using a 30 x 0.5 cm column packed with glass helices gave the pure product, BP 48°C to 48.5°C.

brand name

Forane (Baxter Healthcare).

Therapeutic Function

Inhalation anesthetic

Biological Functions

Isoflurane (Forane) is a structural isomer of enflurane and produces similar pharmacological properties: some analgesia, some neuromuscular blockade, and depressed respiration. In contrast, however, isoflurane is considered a particularly safe anesthetic in patients with ischemic heart disease, since cardiac output is maintained, the coronary arteries are dilated, and the myocardium does not appear to be sensitized to the effects of catecholamines. Also, blood pressure falls as a result of vasodilation, which preserves tissue blood flow. Isoflurane causes transient and mild tachycardia by direct sympathetic stimulation; this is particularly important in the management of patients with myocardial ischemia.
Unlike enflurane, isoflurane does not produce a seizurelike EEG pattern. Furthermore, the metabolic transformation of isoflurane is only one-tenth that of enflurane, so fluoride production is quite low. Among the halogenated hydrocarbons, isoflurane is one of the most popular, since it preserves cardiovascular stability and causes a low incidence of untoward effects.

General Description

Isoflurane is a volatile liquid (bp=48.5°C) with an MAC of1.15, a blood:gas partition coefficient of 1.43 and high solubilityin fat. Isoflurane is a structural isomer of enflurane. Itis a known respiratory irritant, but less so than desflurane.Approximately 0.2% of the administered drug undergoesmetabolism, the rest is exhaled unchanged. The metabolismof isoflurane yields low levels of the nephrotoxic fluoride ionas well as a potentially hepatotoxic trifluoroacetylating compound). The relatively low concentrations ofthese compounds have resulted in very low risks of hepatotoxicityand nephrotoxicity. There have been no reports ofseizures caused by isoflurane and only transient increases inheart rate have been reported.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Isoflurane is a tandem pore potassium channel activator. It is also a very widely used anesthetic for animal research and for in vitro studies on anesthesia mechanisms.

Clinical Use

Isoflurane was introduced in the United States in 1981 and is a potent anesthetic agent with many similarities to its isomer enflurane (potent, nonflammable, and intermediate blood solubility). It does produce significantly fewer cardiovascular effects than enflurane, however, and it can be used safely with epinephrine without as great a concern for arrhythmia production. Isoflurane has a more pungent odor than halothane and, thus, can cause irritation to the throat and respiratory tract, triggering coughing and laryngospasm. To overcome this problem, it often is supplemented with intravenous agents. Less than 0.2% of an administered dose is metabolized, mostly to fluoride and trifluoroacetic acid. Some minimal potential for hepatotoxicity is associated with a trifluoroacetyl halide metabolite.

Synthesis

Isoflurane is prepared by chlorination of 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxydifluoromethane, itself obtained by alkylation of trifluoroethanol with difluorochloromethane , :
Synthesis_26675-46-7

Veterinary Drugs and Treatments

Isoflurane is an inhalant anesthetic that has some distinct advantages over either halothane or methoxyflurane due to its lessened myocardial depressant and catecholamine sensitizing effects, and the ability to use it safely in patients with either hepatic or renal disease. Isoflurane’s higher cost than either methoxyflurane or halothane is a disadvantage.
Horses may recover more rapidly than with halothane, but be more susceptible to anesthetic associated- myopathy.

306-83-2
1426-06-8
26675-46-7
Synthesis of Isoflurane from 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and Methanol, difluoro- (6CI,8CI,9CI)
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  • Feb 18,2022

View Lastest Price from Isoflurane manufacturers

Image Update time Product Price Min. Order Purity Supply Ability Manufacturer
Isoflurane pictures 2024-11-19 Isoflurane
26675-46-7
US $50.00-128.00 / mg 10g TargetMol Chemicals Inc.
Isoflurane pictures 2024-01-08 Isoflurane
26675-46-7
US $20.00-10.00 / kg 1kg 99.60% 50tons Wuhan Boyuan Import & Export Co., LTD
Isoflurane pictures 2022-10-25 Isoflurane
26675-46-7
US $10.00 / G 1G 99.99% 20MT Hebei Ningnan Trade Co. LTD
  • Isoflurane pictures
  • Isoflurane
    26675-46-7
  • US $50.00-128.00 / mg
  • TargetMol Chemicals Inc.
  • Isoflurane pictures
  • Isoflurane
    26675-46-7
  • US $20.00-10.00 / kg
  • 99.60%
  • Wuhan Boyuan Import & Export Co., LTD
  • Isoflurane pictures
  • Isoflurane
    26675-46-7
  • US $10.00 / G
  • 99.99%
  • Hebei Ningnan Trade Co. LTD
ether,1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyldifluoromethyl Forene r-e235dal 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether 99% 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyldifluoromethylether99% 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethan Aerrane chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane chloro-2,2,2-trifluorodifluoromethylether Compd 469 Compound 469 Ethane, 1-chloro-1-(difluoromethoxy)-2,2,2-trifluoro- Ethane, 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro- Ether, 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl Difluoromethyl 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether Ethane, 2-chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoro- (9CI) HCFE 235da2 R-E 235da1 ISOFLUORENE 1-CHLORO-2,2,2-trifiuoroethyl dinuoromethyl ether Isourane (1 mL) Isoflurane (1 mL) 2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Isoflurane ISOFLURANE 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyldrfluoromethylether Difluoromethyl 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether (Isoflurane) Isourane IsofL Isoflurane CRS Isoflurane RS lsoflurane HSDB 8057 HSDB8057 HSDB-8057 Terrell Isoflurane (1349003) Isoflurane266 Forane 2-Chloro-2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (2R)-2-chloro-2-(difluoroMethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoroethane 1-CHLORO-2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHYL DIFLUOROMETHYL ETHER 1-Chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether, 98+% 26675-46-7 C3H2CIF5O CF3CHClOCHF2