塩酸メトクロプラミド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
効能
制吐薬, 消化管運動改善薬, ドパミンD2受容体拮抗薬
使用
Metoclopramide Hydrochloride may be used as a pharmaceutical reference standard for the determination of the analyte in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids by chromatography and chemiluminescence techniques.
定義
ChEBI: A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of metoclopramide monohydrochloride.
適応症
Metoclopramide (Reglan) stimulates upper GI tract
motility and has both central and peripheral actions.
Centrally, it is a dopamine antagonist, an action that is
important both for its often desirable antiemetic effect
and other less desirable effects. Peripherally, it stimulates
the release of intrinsic postganglionic stores of
acetylcholine and sensitizes the gastric smooth muscle
to muscarinic stimulation. The ability of metoclopramide
to antagonize the inhibitory neurotransmitter
effect of dopamine on the GI tract results in increased
gastric contraction and enhanced gastric emptying and
small bowel transit.
一般的な説明
Pharmaceutical secondary standards for application in quality control, provide pharma laboratories and manufacturers with a convenient and cost-effective alternative to the preparation of in-house working standards.
Metoclopramide Hydrochloride is an antiemetic drug and is generally used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. It can also exhibit sedative, extrapyrimidal, and prolactin secretion stimulation actions.
作用機序
Metoclopramide is rapidly absorbed following an
oral dose in a patient with intact gastric emptying. Peak
plasma concentration is achieved within 40 to 120 minutes.
With normal renal function, plasma half-life is
about 4 hours.About 20% of an oral dose is eliminated
unchanged in the urine, while 60% is eliminated as sulfate
or glucuronide conjugates.
臨床応用
Improved gastric emptying will frequently alleviate
symptoms in patients with diabetic, postoperative, or idiopathic
gastroparesis. Since metoclopramide also can
decrease the acid reflux into the esophagus that results
from slowed gastric emptying or lower esophageal
sphincter pressure, the drug can be used as an adjunct in
the treatment of reflux esophagitis.
副作用
Side effects include fatigue, insomnia, and altered motor
coordination. Parkinsonian side effects and acute dystonic
reactions also have been reported. Metoclopramide
stimulates prolactin secretion, which can cause galactorrhea
and menstrual disorders. Extrapyramidal side effects
seen following administration of the phenothiazines,
thioxanthenes, and butyrophenones may be accentuated
by metoclopramide.
塩酸メトクロプラミド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品