リシニン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
リシニン,化学式 C8H8N2O2 。トウダイグサ科の植物トウゴマ (ヒマ) の葉および種子に存在するアルカロイド。アルコールから再結晶して針状晶として得られる。融点 201.5℃。 170~180℃ (20mmHg) で昇華する。水,アルコール,クロロホルム,エーテルなどにわずかに溶ける。苦みを有する中性物質で,酸とは塩をつくらない。毒性が強く,摂取すると,嘔吐,溶血性胃腸炎,肝臓・腎臓障害,けいれん,昏睡,血圧および呼吸低下などを経て死にいたる。
説明
First isolated by Tuson from the seeds of Ricinus communis (castor-oil seed),
the alkaloid was subsequently examined by Soave, Schultze and Evans. The base
crystallizes from H20 in colourless prisms or leaflets and sublimes at 170-lS0°C/
20 mm. It is soluble in hot H20 or CHCI3, only sparingly so in EtOH and insoluble in petroleum ether, is neutral in reaction, optically inactive and forms no
normal salts although the mercurichloride, m.p. 204°C has been prepared. The
alkaloid reduces KMn04 and may be hydrolyzed by alkalies to MeOH and
ricininic acid which forms brilliant, slender needles, m.p. 296-8°C (dec.). The
structure of ricinine has been confirmed by synthesis from 4-chloroquinoline.
Other syntheses have also been achieved. The base is not particularly toxic and
the poisonous character of castor-oil seeds has been shown to be due to a more
complex substance, ricin, the toxicity of which may be destroyed by heating.
化学的特性
White Solid
使用
Ricinine is an alkaloid extract from the seeds of the castor-oil plant (Ricinus communalis). Ricinine is a central nervous system stimulant that could potentially be a cognition-enhancing agent used for the treatment of human amnesias. Ricinine also has bactericidal effects on three pests and heptaprotective activity.
危険性
Toxic by ingestion.
安全性プロファイル
A poison by ingestion and subcutaneous route. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of NOx.
参考文献
Tuson.,J. Chern. Soc., 17,195 (1864)
Soave., Chern. Soc. Abstr., i, 386 (1896)
Schultze., ibid, i, 42 (1898)
Evans., J. Arner. Chern. Soc., 22, 39 (1900)
Maqueen, Philippe., Cornpt. rend., 138, 506 (1904)
Maqueen, Philippe., ibid, 139, 840 (1904)
Winterstein, Keller, Weinhagen., Arch. Pharrn., 255,513 (1917)
Bottcher., Ber., 51,673 (1918)
Spath, Tschelnitz., Monatsh., 42,251 (1921)
Spath, Koller., Ber., 56, 880, 2454 (1923)
Spath, Koller., ibid, 58,2124 (1925)
Schroeter et ai., ibid, 65, 432 (1932)
Reitmann., Chern. Abstr., 29,4359 (1935)
リシニン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品