1,3,5-トリアザ-2,4,6-トリボラシクロヘキサン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
解説
B3H6N3(80.50)の慣用名．IUPAC命名法による体系名は，シクロトリボラザン(cyclotriborazane)．略称ボラザン．ベンゼンC6H6と等電子構造であることから無機ベンゼンともいわれる．ボラゾールともよばれるが，正しい名称ではない．製法には，(1)NH3とB2H6とからH3N·BH3をつくり，これを140～160 ℃ に加熱する，(2)(NH4)2SO4とNaBH4との混合物を120～140 ℃ で反応させる，(3)BCl3とNH4Clの反応でCl3B3N3H3をつくり，これにNaBH4を反応させる，など，いくつかの方法がある．NとBが交互に結合した，ほぼ平面の正六角形型のB3N3環(図(a))をもち，HはB，Nに1原子ずつ結合している．B-N1.435 Å，B-H1.26 Å，N-H1.05 Å．∠B-N-B121°，∠N-B-N118°．無色，流動性の液体．融点－58 ℃，沸点53 ℃．引火性が高い．密度0.842 g cm－3(20 ℃)．ベンゼンに似て，非局在π結合性があり，安定で芳香性も認められる．たとえば，Hをハロゲン，炭化水素基などに置換した化合物が多数得られている．η6-B3N3R6·Cr(CO)3(R ＝ CH3その他)のようなπ錯体も生成する．共役二重結合をもつ (BN)n 型環状化合物は，図(b)，(c)のようなn ＝ 2，4のものも得られている．一方，B，Nの極性のため，ベンゼンよりは反応性が大きい．たとえば，HX(X＝ハロゲン，OH，ORなど)を付加し，B3N3H6 ＋ 3HX ＝ (H2NBHX)3などの反応が起こり，水素化すれば，シクロヘキサンに相当するB3H12N3が得られる．水とは室温では反応が遅いが，煮沸すると H2 を発生して [B(OH)(NH)]3 を生成する．ボラジンを真空中で約70 ℃ に加熱すると，THFなど極性溶媒に可溶な白色の橋かけ構造をもつ鎖状ポリマーpoly(borazylene)(図(d))が得られる．さらにこれを高温に加熱すると純粋な窒化ホウ素BNが得られる．[CAS 6589-51-3]
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森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
説明
Borazole (borazine) is a colourless liquid with an aromatic smell. With water, it decomposes
to form boric acid, ammonia, and hydrogen. The reaction product of boron and
ammonia at high temperatures is also known as inorganic benzene.
化学的特性
inorganic analog of benzene; colorless liquid; preparation: heating equimolar mixture of ammonia and BH3 at 250°C–300°C for 30min [MER06] [HAW93]
主な応用
Films that were deposited thermally
from borazine vapor were found to be too reactive to be suitable for fabricating masks for X-ray
lithography. However, films containing
predominately cubic boron nitride, CBN
[10043-11-5], were deposited using ions extracted from a borazine plasma via an ion beam.
Very hard, adherent films were deposited on
ceramic, glass, stainless steel, etc. An
obvious practical application is the hardening of
tool surfaces to markedly extend their life.
A thermally deposited film of hexagonal BN
[10043-11-5], from B3N3Cl6 [19087-72-0] at
900 ℃, protected SiO2 tubes from halide corrosion.
A copolymer between 2,4,6-tributylborazine
[7325-06-6] and an unsaturated N,N'-hexamethylenebiscarboxamide was useful for hardening epoxy resins.
Trichloroborazine was used as part of a catalyst mix for the polymerization of propene.
Flexible BN coatings on copper or copperbase alloys were formed from gaseous 2,4,6-
trichloroborazine. The films were stable to
700℃ in air.
製造方法
Borazine was discovered when a mixture consisting of B3H6 and
NH3 (or the addition product B3H6-NH3) was heated in a sealed
tube. It can also be produced by pyrolysis of a mixture of
LiBH4 and NH4Cl. The best yield is obtained by reducing
(ClBNH)3 with LiBH4 in n-butyl ether. This reaction
also yields B2H6.
一般的な説明
Borazine can be prepared by
copyrolysis of NaBH4 and NH4Cl in a highboiling glyme, by reduction of trichloroborazine, or by pyrolysis of
ammonia borane in diglyme.
A large body of literature exists on the preparation and chemistry of symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted borazines. B-Substituted trihaloborazines, readily prepared
from BX3 and NH4Cl, react with Grignard reagents to give symmetrical trialkyl- or triarylborazines. Symmetrically substituted N-trialkylor N-triarylborazines are readily prepared from
LiBH4 and RNH3Cl, or by pyrolysis of
RNH2BH3.
Borazine is thermally stable at 0 C, but decomposes slowly at ambient temperature. Borazine hydrolyzes slowly, but trihaloborazines
hydrolyze quite rapidly. Hydrogen halides form
1 : 3 adducts with borazine, which decompose to
trihaloborazines on warming.
1,3,5-トリアザ-2,4,6-トリボラシクロヘキサン 上流と下流の製品情報
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