2-クロロエチルビニルエーテル 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～うすい黄色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
水に微溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
有機合成原料。
化学的特性
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether is a highly
flammable, colorless liquid.
使用
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether is used to producesedatives, anesthetics, and cellulose ethers.
一般的な説明
Liquid boiling at 209°C. Density 1.048 g / cm3 and insoluble in water. Hence sinks in water. Flash point 142°F. Toxic.
空気と水の反応
Flammable. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154, 164]. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether forms salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. May react violently with strong oxidizing agents. Typically stabilized against polyermizable by addition of triethanolamine.
危険性
Moderate fire risk. Combustible.
健康ハザード
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether is moderately toxicto humans by inhalation and ingestion. Expo sure to its vapors can produce irritation of theeyes, nose, and lungs. Rats exposed to itsvapors at 250 ppm concentration in air died4 hours after exposure. Pure liquid is an irri tant to the skin. The liquid may be absorbedthrough the skin. The dermal toxicity, how ever, is very low
LD50 value, oral (rats): 250 mg/kg
The carcinogenicity of this compoundis not documented. However, drawing a similarity with other low aliphatic haloethers,this compound at high dosage may exhibitcarcinogenicity to animals.
火災危険
Highly flammable.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion.
Moderately toxic by inhalation and skin
contact. A severe eye and skin irritant. See
also ETHERS. Dangerous fire hazard when
exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.
Potentially explosive. May form dangerous
peroxides on exposure to air. To fight fire,
use alcohol foam, dry chemical. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Cl-. See also CHLORIDES and
ETHERS.
職業ばく露
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether is used in the
manufacture of anesthetics, sedatives, and cellulose ethers.
The number of potentially exposed individuals is greatest for
the following areas: fabricated metal products; wholesale
trade; leather, rubber and plastic; and chemical products.
環境運命予測
Biological. When 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether was statically incubated in the dark at 25 °C with
yeast extract and settled domestic wastewater inoculum, significant biodegradation with rapid
adaptation was observed. At concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/L, complete degradation was observed
after 21 d (Tabak et al., 1981).
Chemical/Physical. Chlorination of 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether to α-chloroethyl ethyl ether or
β-chloroethyl ethyl ether may occur in water treatment facilities. The alpha compound is very
unstable in water and decomposes almost as fast as it is formed (Summers, 1955). Although stable
in NaOH solutions, in dilute acid solutions hydrolysis yields acetaldehyde and chlorohydrin
(Windholz et al., 1983). At pH 7 and 25 °C, the hydrolysis half-life is 175 d (Jones and Wood,
1964).
At influent concentrations of 10.0, 1.0, 0.1, and 0.01 mg/L, the GAC adsorption capacities at pH
5.4 were 25, 3.9, 0.6, and 0.1 mg/g, respectively (Dobbs and Cohen, 1980).
輸送方法
UN1992 Flammable liquids, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
Wash the ether repeatedly with equal volumes of water made slightly alkaline with KOH, dry with sodium, and distil it under vacuum. Stabilise it with ~0.01% of triethanolamine. [Beilstein 1 IV 2051.] TOXIC.
不和合性
Peroxidizable Compound; may form
unstable peroxides that can cause explosive polymerization.
Stabilizer: 300 ppm triethanolamine and 50 ppm MEHQ
(monomethyl ether of hydroquinone). 2-Chloroethyl vinyl
ether forms explosive mixture with air. May accumulate
static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its
vapors. Contact with oxidizing materials may cause fire or
explosion hazard. Stabilizer: 300 ppm triethanolamine &
50 ppm MEHQ (monomethyl ether of hydroquinone).
廃棄物の処理
Residues may be packaged in
epoxy-lined drums and disposed of by high temperature
incineration with HCl scrubbing of effluent gases.
2-クロロエチルビニルエーテル 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品