에티닐에스트라디올 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
개요
Estrogens direct the development of the female genotype in embryogenesis and at puberty. Estradiol is the major estrogen secreted by the premenopausal ovary. Ethynyl estradiol is a synthetic analog of 17β-estradiol . A USP-approved grade of ethynyl estradiol is often formulated in combination with a progestin such as norgestrel /levonorgestrel or desogestrel and provided for use as an oral contraceptive. Efficacy of oral administration of ethynyl estradiol is facilitated by the ethynyl substitution at the C-17 position, which inhibits first pass hepatic metabolism. Ethynyl estradiol is also rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
화학적 성질
Off-White to Light-Yellow Crystalline Powder
용도
A metabolite of 17a-Ethynylestradiol
정의
ChEBI: A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.
일반 설명
Fine white to creamy white powder. A synthetic steroid. Used in combination with progestogen as an oral contraceptive.
공기와 물의 반응
Air and light sensitive . Insoluble in water.
반응 프로필
Ethynyl estradiol may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to generate gaseous hydrogen.
건강위험
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition Ethynyl estradiol emits acrid smoke and fumes.
화재위험
The flash point data for Ethynyl estradiol are not available. Ethynyl estradiol is probably combustible.
Mechanism of action
Synthetic estrogen with potent
activity (inhibition of ovulation), widely used in oral contraceptives.
Manufactured from natural estrogen, estrone, by reaction
with potassium acetylide (HCRCK) in liquid ammonia.
The synthetic 17α-ethynyl derivative of estradiol-17β. The
17α-ethynyl group increases the in vivo potency of estradiol-
17β by blocking the action of 17β-dehydrogenase, a major
pathway of estradiol-17β metabolic inactivation. It is thus
active orally and is among the most potent of the known estrogenic
compounds.
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic,
tumorigenic, and neoplastigenic data. Poison
by intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Human systemic effects by
ingestion: glandular effects. An experimental
teratogen. Experimental reproductive
effects. Human mutation data reported.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also
ESTRADIOL
잠재적 노출
The working environment may be
contaminated during sex hormone manufacture, especially
during the extraction and purification of natural steroid hormones; grinding of raw materials; handling of powdered
products and recrystallization. Airborne particles of sex
hormones may be absorbed through the skin, ingested or
inhaled. Enteric absorption results in quick inactivation of
sex hormones in the liver. The rate of inactivation is
decreased for the oral, alkylated steroid hormones (methyl
testosterone, anabolic steroids, etc.). Sex hormones may
accumulate and reach relatively high levels even if their
absorption is intermittent. Consequently, repeated absorption of small amounts may be detrimental to health.
Intoxication by sex hormones may occur in almost all the
exposed workers if preventive measures are not taken. The
effect in the industrial sector is more successful than
the agricultural one (chemical caponizing of cockerels by
stilbestrol implants and incorporation of estrogens in feed
for body weight gain promotion in beef cattle), where measures taken are summary and the number of cases of intoxication is consequently bigger
운송 방법
UN3249 Medicine, solid, toxic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials
Purification Methods
17--Ethynylestradiol forms a hemihydrate on recrystallising from MeOH/H2O. It dehydrates on melting and remelts on further heating at m 182-184o. The UV has max at 281nm ( 2040) in EtOH. Its solubility is 17% in EtOH, 25% in Et2O, 20% in Me2CO, 25% in dioxane and 5% in CHCl3. [Petit & Muller Bull Soc Chim Fr 121 1951.] The diacetyl derivative has m 143-144o (from MeOH) and [] D 20 +1o (c 1, CHCl3) [Mills et al. J Am Chem Soc 80 6118 1958]. [Beilstein 6 IV 6877.]
비 호환성
May react exothermically with reducing
agents to generate flammable gaseous hydrogen.
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong
acids, oxoacids, and epoxides.
폐기물 처리
It is inappropriate and possibly dangerous to the environment to dispose of expired or
waste drugs and pharmaceuticals by flushing them down
the toilet or discarding them to the trash. Household quantities of expired or waste pharmaceuticals may be mixed
with wet cat litter or coffee grounds, double-bagged in
plastic, discard in trash. Larger quantities shall carefully
take into consideration applicable DEA, EPA, and FDA
regulations. If possible return the pharmaceutical to the
manufacturer for proper disposal being careful to properly
label and securely package the material. Alternatively, the
waste pharmaceutical shall be labeled, securely packaged
and transported by a state licensed medical waste contractor
to dispose by burial in a licensed hazardous or toxic waste
landfill or incinerator
에티닐에스트라디올 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
