Hydralazine hydrochloride

Hydralazine hydrochloride 구조식 이미지
카스 번호:
304-20-1
상품명:
Hydralazine hydrochloride
동의어(영문):
Apulon;Lopres;Asozart;Hyperex;Lopress;apresine;Dralzine;HSDB 434;Rolazine;Hyperazin
CBNumber:
CB5113442
분자식:
C8H9ClN4
포뮬러 무게:
196.64
MOL 파일:
304-20-1.mol
MSDS 파일:
SDS

Hydralazine hydrochloride 속성

녹는점
273°C
끓는 점
322.13°C (rough estimate)
밀도
1.2961 (rough estimate)
굴절률
1.6110 (estimate)
저장 조건
2-8°C
용해도
물에 용해되고, 에탄올(96%)에 약간 용해되며, 염화메틸렌에는 매우 약간 용해됩니다.
물리적 상태
Solid
색상
흰색에서 거의 흰색
수소이온지수(pH)
pH (20g/l, 25℃) : 3.5~4.5
수용성
물에 용해됩니다. 디에틸 에테르와 알코올에 약간 용해됩니다.
Merck
14,4763
BRN
3568329
BCS Class
3
안정성
안정적인. 강한 산화제와 호환되지 않습니다.
InChIKey
ZUXNZUWOTSUBMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS 데이터베이스
304-20-1(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA
1(2H)-Phthalazinone, hydrazone, monohydrochloride (304-20-1)
안전
  • 위험 및 안전 성명
  • 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 Xn
위험 카페고리 넘버 22-36/37/38
안전지침서 26-36/37/39-45
유엔번호(UN No.) UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
WGK 독일 3
RTECS 번호 TH9000000
TSCA Yes
위험 등급 6.1
포장분류 III
HS 번호 29339900
유해 물질 데이터 304-20-1(Hazardous Substances Data)
독성 LD50 oral in rat: 280mg/kg
그림문자(GHS): GHS hazard pictograms
신호 어: Danger
유해·위험 문구:
암호 유해·위험 문구 위험 등급 범주 신호 어 그림 문자 P- 코드
H301 삼키면 유독함 급성 독성 물질 - 경구 구분 3 위험 GHS hazard pictograms P264, P270, P301+P310, P321, P330,P405, P501
H315 피부에 자극을 일으킴 피부부식성 또는 자극성물질 구분 2 경고 GHS hazard pictograms P264, P280, P302+P352, P321,P332+P313, P362
H319 눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴 심한 눈 손상 또는 자극성 물질 구분 2A 경고 GHS hazard pictograms P264, P280, P305+P351+P338,P337+P313P
H335 호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음 특정 표적장기 독성 - 1회 노출;호흡기계 자극 구분 3 경고 GHS hazard pictograms
예방조치문구:
P305+P351+P338 눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.
NFPA 704
1
3 0

Hydralazine hydrochloride MSDS


1-Hydrazinophthalazine hydrochloride

Hydralazine hydrochloride C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Hydralazine is an orally bioavailable vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It decreases DNA methylation in Jurkat cells at a concentration of 10 μM and inhibits extracellular and intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rat macrophages activated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; ) at a concentration of 100 μM. Hydralazine (100 μM) also decreases nitric oxide production and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rat macrophages activated by LPS (Item Nos. 19660| 19661| 19662) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). It reduces contraction of rat aortic arterial strips induced by potassium and norepinephrine (; IC50s = 2.2 and 3.06 mM, respectively). Hydralazine (2.6 mg/kg) lowers mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) by 41.76% in conscious rats. Formulations containing hydralazine have been used in the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure.

화학적 성질

White Crystalline Solid

용도

Hydralazine hydrochloride has been used:

정의

ChEBI: The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.

일반 설명

Hydralazine hydrochloride,1-hydrazinophthalazine monohydrochloride(Apresoline hydrochloride), originated from the work of achemist attempting to produce some unusual chemicalcompounds and from the observation that this compoundhad antihypertensive properties. It occurs as yellow crystalsand is soluble in water to the extent of about 3%. A 2%aqueous solution has a pH of 3.5 to 4.5.

색상 색인 번호

Hydralazine is a hydrazine derivative used as a antihypertensive drug. Skin rashes have been described during treatment. Exposure occurs mainly in the pharmaceutical industry. Cross-sensitivity is frequent with hydrazine, which is considered to be a potent sensitizer.

Mechanism of action

The only drug in this group, hydralazine, does not fit neatly into the other mechanistic classes, in part because its mechanism of action is not entirely clear. It appears to have multiple, direct effects on the VSM. Hydralazine, a phthalazine-substituted hydrazine antihypertensive drug with a pKa of 7.3, is highly specific for arterial vessels, producing its vasodilation by a couple of different mechanisms. First, it causes smooth muscle hyperpolarization, quite likely through the opening of K+ channels. Activation therefore increases the efflux of potassium ions from the cells, causing hyperpolarization of VSM cells and, thus, prolonging the opening of the potassium channel and sustaining a greater vasodilation on arterioles than on veins. It also may inhibit the second messenger, IP3-induced release of calcium from the smooth muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (the PIP2 signal transduction pathway). Finally, hydralazine stimulates the formation of NO by the vascular endothelium, leading to cGMP-mediated vasodilation. The arterial vasodilator action of hydralazine reduces systemic vascular resistance and arterial pressure. Diastolic blood pressure usually is decreased more than systolic pressure is. The hydralazine-induced decrease in blood pressure and peripheral resistance causes a reflex response, which is accompanied by increased heart rate, cardiac output, stroke volume, and an increase in plasma renin activity. It has no direct effect on the heart. This reflex response could offset the hypotensive effect of arteriolar dilation, limiting its antihypertensive effectiveness. Hydralazine also causes sodium and water retention and expansion of plasma volume, which could develop tolerance to its antihypertensive effect during prolonged therapy. Thus, coadministration of a diuretic improves the therapeutic outcome.

Clinical Use

Hydralazine hydrochloride is useful in the treatment ofmoderate-to-severe hypertension. It is often used in conjunctionwith less potent antihypertensive agents, becauseside effects occur frequently when it is used alone in adequatedoses. In combinations, it can be used in lower andsafer doses. Its action appears to be centered on the smoothmuscle of the vascular walls, with a decrease in peripheralresistance to blood flow. This results in increased bloodflow through the peripheral blood vessels. It also has theunique property of increasing renal blood flow, an importantconsideration in patients with renal insufficiency.Hydralazine hydrochloride acts on vascular smooth muscleto cause relaxation. Its mechanism of action is unclear. Itinterferes with Ca2+ entry andCa2+release from intracellularstores and reportedly causes activation of guanylate cyclase,resulting in increased levels of cGMP. All of thesebiochemical events can cause vasodilation.

Drug interactions

The coadministration of diuretics and other hypotensive drugs may have a synergistic effect, resulting in a marked decrease in blood pressure.

Purification Methods

It crystallises from MeOH and has m 172-173o(dec). [Druey et al. Helv Chim Acta 34 195 1951, Beilstein 25 III/IV 4552.] It is an antihypertensive.

Hydralazine hydrochloride 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품


Hydralazine hydrochloride 공급 업체

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