할로탄
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할로탄 속성
- 녹는점
- -115.75°C
- 끓는 점
- 50.2 °C(lit.)
- 밀도
- 1.872 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
- 증기압
- 4.5 psi ( 20 °C)
- 굴절률
- n
20/D 1.369(lit.)
- 인화점
- 49-50°C
- 저장 조건
- 2-8°C
- 용해도
- 물에 약간 용해되며 무수 에탄올 및 트리클로로에틸렌과 섞입니다.
- 물리적 상태
- 무색의 액체
- 색상
- Colorless to light yellow
- 수용성
- 물에 용해됩니다(8mg/ml).
- 감도
- Light Sensitive
- Merck
- 14,4603
- BRN
- 1736947
- 노출 한도
- TLV-TWA 50 ppm (~400 mg/m3) (ACGIH).
- CAS 데이터베이스
- 151-67-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
안전
- 위험 및 안전 성명
- 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 | T,Xi,Xn | ||
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위험 카페고리 넘버 | 61-37/38-41-40-20 | ||
안전지침서 | 53-23-26-36/37-45-36 | ||
유엔번호(UN No.) | UN 3334 | ||
OEL | Ceiling: 2 ppm (16.2 mg/m3) [60-minute] [*Note: REL for exposure to waste anesthetic gas.] | ||
WGK 독일 | 3 | ||
RTECS 번호 | KH6550000 | ||
F 고인화성물질 | 8-19 | ||
위험 참고 사항 | Irritant | ||
HS 번호 | 2937990000 | ||
유해 물질 데이터 | 151-67-7(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
독성 | LD50 oral in rat: 5680mg/kg | ||
기존화학 물질 | KE-03644 |
그림문자(GHS): |
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신호 어: | Danger | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
유해·위험 문구: |
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예방조치문구: |
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할로탄 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
Halothane is a highly volatile, nonflammable, colorless liquid. Sweet odor.용도
Halothane is used as a clinical anesthetic.정의
ChEBI: A haloalkane comprising ethane having three flouro substituents at the 1-position as well as bromo- and chloro substituents at the 2-position.Biological Functions
Halothane (Fluothane) depresses respiratory function, leading to decreased tidal volume and an increased rate of ventilation. Since the increased rate does not adequately compensate for the decrease in tidal volume, minute ventilation will be reduced; plasma PaCO2 rises, and hypoxic drive is depressed.With surgical anesthesia, spontaneous ventilation is inadequate, and the patient’s ventilation must be controlled.Halothane administration can result in a marked reduction in arterial blood pressure that is due primarily to direct myocardial depression, which reduces cardiac output. The fall in pressure is not opposed by reflex sympathetic activation, however, since halothane also blunts baroreceptor and carotid reflexes. Systemic vascular resistance is unchanged, although blood flow to various tissues is redistributed. Halothane also sensitizes the heart to the arrhythmogenic effect of catecholamines. Thus, maintenance of the patient’s blood pressure with epinephrine must be done cautiously.
일반 설명
Halothane is a nonflammable, nonpungent, volatile, liquid,halogenated (F, Cl, and Br) ethane (bp=50°C), introducedin 1956. Halothane may increase heart rate, cause cardiacarrhythmias, increase cerebral blood flow, and increase intracranialpressure.It can undergo spontaneous oxidationwhen exposed to ultraviolet light to yield HCl, HBr, Cl ,Br- , and phosgene (COCl2). To prevent oxidation it ispackaged in amber bottles with a low concentration of thymol(0.01%) as a stabilizer. The drug has a high potency(MAC=0.75%), a blood:gas partition coefficient of 2.4,and high adipose solubility. Halothane undergoes both reductiveand oxidative processes with up to 20% of the doseundergoing metabolism .The trifluoroacetylchloride metabolite is electrophilic and can form covalentbonds with proteins leading to immune responses andhalothane hepatitis upon subsequent halothane exposure.Halothane hepatitis is rare with 1 case reported for every6,000 to 35,000 patients exposed.공기와 물의 반응
Slightly water soluble.반응 프로필
2-BROMO-2-CHLORO-1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE is sensitive to exposure to light. Incompatible with oxidizing materials. Tarnishes or corrodes most metals, with the exception of chromium, nickel and titanium. When moisture is present, 2-BROMO-2-CHLORO-1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE attacks aluminum, brass and lead, but not copper. Contact causes rubber and some plastics to deteriorate rapidly.건강위험
Health hazard may arise from exposure tohigh concentrations of vapors. The target sites are the central nervous system, car diovascular system, and liver. The toxiceffects include depression of the central ner vous system, nausea, vomiting, increasedbody temperature, excitability, arrhythmias,vasodilatation, hepatitis, and liver necrosis.An anesthetic effect in humans is noted atan exposure level of 10,000 ppm. Repeatedexposure to halothane at anesthetic concen trations may result in hepatic lesions andnecrosis. Contact of liquid with the eyes mayresult in severe irritation. The lethal con centration in humans for a 3-hour exposureperiod is in the range of 7000 ppm.LC50 value, inhalation (mice): 22,000 ppm/10 min
LD50 value, oral (guinea pigs): 6000 mg/kg
No mutagenic effect was observed. Carcino genicity in animals has not been reported.
화재위험
Literature sources indicate that 2-BROMO-2-CHLORO-1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE is nonflammable.Clinical Use
The use of inhaled anesthetics and halothane in particularcan produce malignant hyperthermia (MH) in geneticallysusceptible individuals. This results in an increase inbody temperature, tachycardia, tachypnea, acidosis, andrhabdomylolysis. MH is a result of the excessive release ofcalcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Patientswith an inherited mutation in the ryanodine receptor(RYR1), which is located in the SR, are at an increased riskof developing MH when exposed to an inhaled anesthetictriggering agent. Treatment entails discontinuing the anestheticagent, rapid cooling, intravenous dantrolene sodium,and supportive measures. MH has been reported to occurwith all anesthetics agents and with succinylcholine, a depolarizingneuromuscular blocker. The combination ofhalothane and succinylcholine appears to trigger a great extentof the MH episodes. Patients with a family history ofMH can be genetically screened for MH susceptibility viathe caffeine–halothane contracture test. This test is invasiverequiring a piece of skeletal muscle to conduct and it isexpensive costing approximately $5,000 (cost in 2008).Noninvasive molecular genetic screening is currently beingdeveloped.잠재적 노출
Halothane is used as an inhalation anesthetic. It has been estimated that halothane accounts for two-thirds of all anesthetics.운송 방법
UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous haz ardous material, Technical Name Required.비 호환성
May attack rubber and some plastics; sensitive to light. Light causes decomposition. May be stabilized with 0.01% thymol. Halothane is incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanga nates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); con tact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Tarnishes or corrodes most metals, with the exception of copper, chromium, nickel, and titanium. Attacks aluminum, brass and lead in the presence of moisture. Attacks rubber and causes some plastics to deteriorate rapidly.폐기물 처리
The compound is mixed with a combustiblesolvent and burned in a chemical incineratorequipped with an afterburner and scrubber.할로탄 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
1,1,2-트리클로로-1,2,2-트리플루오로에탄
2-클로로-1,1,1-트리플루오로에탄
트리플루오로메틸하이포아염소산염
1-브로모-2,2-디플루오로에틸렌
1-CHLORO-1,1-DIBROMO-2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE
2-BROMO-1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE
2,2-디클로로-1,1,1-트리플루오르에탄
준비 용품
할로탄 공급 업체
글로벌( 112)공급 업체
공급자 | 전화 | 이메일 | 국가 | 제품 수 | 이점 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shaanxi Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd | +undefined18602966907 |
qinhe02@xaltbio.com | China | 1000 | 58 |
Shanghai Daken Advanced Materials Co.,Ltd | +86-371-66670886 |
info@dakenam.com | China | 16914 | 58 |
SHANDONG ZHI SHANG CHEMICAL CO.LTD | +86 18953170293 |
sales@sdzschem.com | China | 2931 | 58 |
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd. | 18871490254 |
linda@hubeijusheng.com | CHINA | 28180 | 58 |
TargetMol Chemicals Inc. | +1-781-999-5354 +1-00000000000 |
marketing@targetmol.com | United States | 19892 | 58 |
Allfluoro pharmaceutical co. ltd. | 021-26137118 +8615821363818 |
sales@allfluoro.com | China | 5791 | 58 |
HANGZHOU CLAP TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD | 86-571-88216897,88216896 13588875226 |
sales@hzclap.com | CHINA | 6313 | 58 |
ANHUI WITOP BIOTECH CO., LTD | +8615255079626 |
eric@witopchemical.com | China | 23556 | 58 |
AFINE CHEMICALS LIMITED | +86-0571-85134551 |
info@afinechem.com | China | 15395 | 58 |
XINGTAI XINGJIU NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD | +8617731987558 |
xingjiu@xingjiubiotech.com | China | 990 | 58 |
할로탄 관련 검색:
1,1,1-트라이플루오로에테인(1,1,1-트리플루오르에탄) 에틸브로마이드 메톡시플루란 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-헵타플루오로프로판 디플루오로디브로모메탄 포란 엔플루란 1,2-디클로로테트라플루오로에탄 1,1,1,2-테트라플루오로에테인 할로탄
2-CHLORO-1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE
2-BROMO-1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE
FLUOROETHANE
2-bromo-1-chloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethan
Sevoflurane
Fluoxetine
1-CHLORO-1,1-DIBROMO-2,2,2-TRIFLUOROETHANE
2,3-DIBROMO-2-CHLORO-1,1,1,4,4,4-HEXAFLUOROBUTANE