1,3-дихлор-5 ,5-диметилгидантоин химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
DCDMH is a combustible, white powder.
Chlorine-like odor.
Физические свойства
White powder or four-sided crystals from chloroform with a chlorine-like odor. Aqueous solutions
are acidic.
Использование
Dantoin(R) DCDMH is an industrial bleaching agent based on dimethyl hydantoin. This product finds application wherever solid bleach is desired.
Определение
Methionine hydroxy analog c. 90%.
Общее описание
White powder with a weak chlorine odor. Conflagrates at 414°F (turns brown). Chlorine gas evolves > 410°F.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Sensitive to exposure to light, air, and moisture. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes.
Профиль реактивности
1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin reacts violently with xylene. 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is incompatible with strong acids, easily oxidized materials, ammonia salts and sulfides. 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin will react with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. At a pH of 9, 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin decomposes completely.
Угроза здоровью
1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin
powder in contact with water yields
hypochlorous acid, which is an irritant of the
eyes and mucous membranes.
Пожароопасность
Flash point data for 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin are not available. 1,3-Dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is probably combustible.
Профиль безопасности
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Mildly toxic by inhalation. A
severe slun irritant. Mutation data reported.
Avoid excessive contact because of effects
of active chlorine on skin. Some of the
hydantoins are central nervous system
depressants. Mixtures with xylene may
explode. Wdl react with water or steam to
produce toxic and corrosive fumes. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Cl and NOx. See also
CHLORIDES.
Возможный контакт
It is used as a chlorinating agent,
disinfectant, biocide, and laundry bleach. It is also used as
a polymerization catalyst in making vinyl chloride; and
in drug and pesticide synthesis.
Экологическая судьба
Chemical/Physical. Reacts with water (pH 7.0) releasing hypochlorous acid. At pH 9, nitrogen
chloride is formed (Windholz et al., 1983).
Перевозки
UN1479 Oxidizing solid, n.o.s., Hazard Class:
5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer, Technical Name Required
Методы очистки
Purify it by dissolving in conc H2SO4 and diluting with ice H2O, collect the solid, dry it in a vacuum and recrystallise it from CHCl3. It sublimes at 100o in a vacuum. It exhibits time-dependent hydrolysis at pH 9. [Petterson & Grzeskowiak J Org Chem 24 1414 1959, Beilstein 24 III/IV 1100.]
Несовместимости
A strong oxidizer. Contact with water
forms poisonous and corrosive gases. Mixtures with xylene
may explode. Not compatible with moisture (especially hot
water, steam), strong acids; easily oxidized materials (such
as ammonia salts; sulfides, etc.); reducing agents; strong
bases; ammonium salts; sulfides. Compounds of the
carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and
organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water and
a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds,
dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and
sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly flammable
gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen
sulfate and oxides of sulfur)
Утилизация отходов
Incineration (815.5C/816C,
0.5 second for primary combustion; 104.4C/220F, 1.0 second for secondary combustion). The formation of elemental
chlorine can be prevented by injection of steam or methane
into the combustion process. Any nitrogen oxides may be
abated by the use of thermal or catalytic devices
1,3-дихлор-5 ,5-диметилгидантоин препаратная продукция и сырье
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