ГЕСАХЛОРОЦИКЛОПЕНТАДИЕН химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is a pale-yellow/lemon-yellow liquid with a characteristic
musty or pungent odour (odour threshold – 0.03 ppm). Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
does not occur naturally but is a manufactured chemical. It easily evaporates into the air.
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is the key intermediate in the manufacture of some pesticides,
including heptachlor, chlordane, aldrin, dieldrin, and endrin. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
is also used in the manufacture of flame retardants and some resins, shock-proof plastics,
fluorocarbons, and dyes. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene quickly breaks down by sunlight
and reacts with other chemicals in the air.
Химические свойства
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is a pale-yellow to amber-colored, oily liquid. Pungent, unpleasant odor. The odor threshold is 0.15 0.33 ppm. Insoluble in water, soluble in ether, carbon tetrachloride and other organic solvents.
Использование
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is an organochlorine compound that is used to manufacturing organochlorine insecticides and acaricides, such as mirex, aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane, endosulfan, etc. It is also used to make flame retardants, resins that won't burn, shock-proof plastics, esters, ketones, fluorocarbons, and dyes.
Подготовка
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is obtained by chlorination of cyclopentadiene in two steps. In addition, using petroleum pentane as raw material, hexachlorocyclopentadiene is synthesized by photochlorination and high temperature chlorination, and the yield is about 70%.
прикладной
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene(Hex) is an Intermediate in the manufacture of chlorinated pesticides and flame retardants. The principal end use for Hex is as a key intermediate in the production of chlorinated cyclodiene pesticides, including aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, chlordane, heptachlor, kepone, endosulfan, pentac, isodrin, and mirex. It is also used as an intermediate in the manufacture of flame retardants such as Dechlorane Plus and chlorendic anhydride and, to a lesser extent, in the manufacture of nonflammable resins, polyester resins, pharmaceuticals, unbreakable plastics, acids, esters, ketones, fluorocarbons, and dyes.
Общее описание
A pale yellow liquid with a pungent odor. Density 14.3 lb /gal. Solidifies at 50°F. Insoluble in water. Noncombustible. Very toxic by skin absorption and inhalation. Corrosive to tissue.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Insoluble in water. Reacts slowly with water to form hydrochloric acid.
Профиль реактивности
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals (sodium), and epoxides.
Угроза здоровью
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is very toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin. The probable human lethal dose is 50-500 mg/kg, or between 1 teaspoon and 1 ounce for a 150 lb. (70 kg) person. Severe exposure induces pulmonary hyperemia and edema, degenerative and necrotic changes in brain, heart and adrenal glands and necrosis of liver and kidney tubules. Questionable carcinogen.
Пожароопасность
Toxic hydrogen chloride, chlorine, and phosgene gases may form in fires. In presence of moisture, will corrode iron and other materials; flammable and explosive hydrogen gas may collect in enclosed space. Will corrode iron and other metals in the presence of moisture. Reacts slowly with water to form hydrochloric acid; however, the reaction is not hazardous. Hazardous polymerization may not occur.
Безопасность
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is a manufactured chemical that does not occur naturally. Hex has no end uses of its own, and is very toxic following acute (short-term) oral and inhalation exposures. It easily evaporates into the air; the vapor looks like a blue haze. Most of the Hexachlorocyclopentadiene in the environment results from its release during production and disposal. Animal tests suggest that very high levels can cause death. Human data are limited, but it can cause headaches and irritate the nose, throat, eye, and skin.
Возможный контакт
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is used to
produce the flame retardant chlorendic anhydride, which
has applications in polyesters; and to produce chlorendic
anhydride and chlorendic acid; which is used as a flame
retardant in resins. Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is also used
as an intermediate in the production of pesticides, such as
aldrin, dieldrin, and endosulfan.
Перевозки
UN2646 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene, Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poison Inhalation Hazard, Inhalation
Hazard Zone B.
Методы очистки
Dry the diene with MgSO4, filter, and distil it under vacuum in a nitrogen atmosphere. Irritates skin and eyes, HIGHLY TOXIC. [McBee et al. J Am Chem Soc 77 4378 1955, UV spectra: Idol et al. J Org Chem 20 1746 1955, Beilstein 5 III 308, 5 IV 381.]
Несовместимости
Reacts slowly with water to form hydro chloric acid; will corrode iron and most metals in presence
of moisture. Explosive hydrogen gas may collect in
enclosed spaces in the presence of moisture. Contact with
sodium may be explosive.
Утилизация отходов
Incineration after mixing with
another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure
complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene.
An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids pro duced. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for
guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of
waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must con form to EPA regulations governing storage, transportation,
treatment, and waste disposal.
ГЕСАХЛОРОЦИКЛОПЕНТАДИЕН препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат