2-Нитрофенол химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
yellow crystalline solid
Использование
2-Nitrophenol is an intermediate in dyestuff production and a
chemical indicator.
Определение
ChEBI: A member of the class of 2-nitrophenols that is phenol in which one of the hydrogens that is ortho to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.
Методы производства
2-Chloronitrobenzene in 8.5 % sodium hydroxide solution is heated gradually (exothermic) to 170 ℃ in an autoclave and held there under pressure for 8 h. The resulting solution is cooled and acidified to give the product 2-Nitrophenol in 95 % yield.
Общее описание
Yellow solid. Sinks in and mixes slowly with water.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Water insoluble.
Профиль реактивности
2-Nitrophenol is a yellow, crystalline material, moderately toxic, low melting point (45° C). When heated to decomposition 2-Nitrophenol emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen. In molten form violent reaction with strong alkali (85 % potassium hydroxide) [491 M, 1975, p. 342]. Reaction product with chlorosulfuric acid decomposes violently at room temperature [Vervalin, C. H., Hydrocarbon Proc., 1976, 55(9), p. 321].
Опасность
Toxic by ingestion.
Угроза здоровью
Inhalation or ingestion causes headache, drowsiness, nausea, and blue color in lips, ears, and fingernails (cyanosis). Contact with eyes causes irritation. Can be absorbed through the intact skin to give same symptoms as for inhalation.
Пожароопасность
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating fumes of unburned material and oxides of nitrogen can form in fire.
Методы очистки
Crystallise 2-nitrophenol from EtOH/water, water, EtOH, *benzene or MeOH/pet ether (b 70-90o). It can be steam distilled. Petrucci and Weygandt [Anal Chem 33 275 1961] crystallised it from hot water (twice), then EtOH (twice), followed by fractional crystallisation from the melt (twice), drying over CaCl2 in a vacuum desiccator and then in a drying pistol. The 4-nitrobenzoate had m 141o (from EtOH). [Beilstein 6 IV 1246.]
2-Нитрофенол препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат
о-Анизидин
2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol
2-аминофенол-4-сульфокислота
2-Amino-6-bromophenol
5-Methoxymethyl-2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid
C-(3,4-ДИГИДРО-2H-БЕНЗО[1,4]ОКСАЗИН-3-ИЛ)-МЕТИЛАМИН
BAPTA
КАРБОФУРАН
1,2-бис(2-аминофенокси)-этан-N,N,N',N'-тетрауксусная кислота тетранатриевая соль
8-гидроксихиналдин
2-аминофенол
8-гидроксихинолин
2-Nitrophenoxyacetic кислота
2- (2-МОРФОЛИН-4-ИЛЭТОКСИ) АНИЛИН
2,6-Динитрофенол
2-NITROTHIOPHENOL
3-нитросалициловая кислота