Виниловый эфир химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
Clear, colorless liquid with a characteristicodor; boils at 28.5°C (83°F); density 0.774[at 20°C (68°F)]; soluble in most organicsolvents, slightly soluble in water [0.53 g/dLat 37°C (98°F)].
Использование
Vinyl ether is used as an anesthetic and inorganic synthesis.
Общее описание
A clear colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. Flash point below -22°F. Less dense than water. Autoignition temperature 680°F. Slightly soluble in water; miscible with alcohol, acetone, chloroform, and ether. Must be protected from light.Vapors heavier than air. Toxic by inhalation.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154, 164].
Профиль реактивности
Ethers, such as DIVINYL ETHER, can act as bases. They form salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. The complex between diethyl ether and boron trifluoride is an example. Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents. In other reactions, which typically involve the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond, ethers are relatively inert. Vinyl ether is miscible with alcohol, acetone, chloroform and ether and must be protected from light [Hawley].
Угроза здоровью
Vinyl ether exhibits low inhalation toxicity.Like ethyl ether, inhalation of its vapors pro duces an anesthetic effect. At concentrationsabove 5% (by volume in air), it can causeunconsciousness in humans. Exposure to a5.1% concentration of its vapor (in air) waslethal to mice.
Divinyl ether exhibited mutagenicity inmicrosomal assay and microbial mutationtests. There is no report on its carcinogenicityin animals or humans.
Пожароопасность
Highly flammable; flash point (closed cup) <
-30°C (<-22°F); vapor density 2.4 (air =
1); the vapor is heavier than air and can travel
a considerable distance to a source of igni tion and flash back; autoignition temperature
360°C (680°F); can be ignited by lightning
or static electricity; fire-extinguishing agent:
dry chemical, foam, or CO2; use a water
spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool
and to disperse the vapors
Vinyl ether forms explosive mixtures with
air, with LEL and UEL values of 1.7%
and 27% by volume of air, respectively. It
forms unstable peroxides on long standing or
in the presence of oxygen. These peroxides
can explode spontaneously or when heated.
It decomposes to acetaldehyde (toxic and
highly flammable) when exposed to light.
Профиль безопасности
Mildly toxic by
inhalation. Mutation data reported.
Prolonged exposure causes liver injury. A
very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to
heat or flame; can react vigorously with
oxidizing materials. A severe explosion
hazard in the form of vapor when exposed
to heat or flame. Forms peroxides when
exposed to air or oxygen. Hypergolic
reaction with concentrated nitric acid. To
fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical. When
heated to decomposition it emits acrid
smoke and irritating fumes. Used as an
inhalation anesthetic. See also ETHERS.
хранилище
Vinyl ether is stored in a flammable-liquidsstorage room or cabinet separated from oxidizing and combustible materials. It shouldbe protected from physical damage andfrom static electricity or lightning. It isshipped in amber glass bottles or metaldrums.
Утилизация отходов
Vinyl ether is mixed with an excess ofhigher-boiling solvent and burned in a chem ical incinerator equipped with an afterburnerand scrubber. Small amounts, free of peroxides, can be evaporated in a fume hood awayfrom a source of ignition.
Виниловый эфир препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат