3-пентанон химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
3-Pentanone (also known as diethyl ketone) is a member of the class of compounds known as ketones. It is a colorless liquid ketone with an odor like that of acetone. It is soluble in about 25 parts water, but miscible with organic solvents.3-pentanone is an acetone and ethereal tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as strawberry guava, ceylon cinnamon, beech nut, and pak choy, which makes 3-pentanone a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Использование
3-Pentanone is mainly used as a solvent in paint and a precursor to vitamin E. It is used as a reagent to synthesize ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-diethylacrylate by Knoevenagel condensation. It also shows anticonvulsant effect in several types of mouse seizure models. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.
Определение
ChEBI: Pentan-3-one is a pentanone that is pentane carrying an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma infestans. It has a role as an animal metabolite.
Общее описание
3-Pentanone is a clear colorless liquid with an acetone-like odor. Flash point 55°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water
Профиль реактивности
3-Pentanone is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers, alkalis, mineral acids, (hydrogen peroxide + nitric acid) .
Угроза здоровью
Liquid causes eye burn. Vapor irritates eyes, nose and throat; can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness, and loss of consciousness.
Пожароопасность
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Профиль безопасности
Moderately toxic by
routes. A skin and eye irritant. Mutation data
reported. Dangerous fre hazard when
exposed to heat or flame; can react
vigorously with oxidzing materials. To fight
fire, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2, dry chemical. Reacts with hydrogen peroxide +
nitric acid to form a shockand heat sensitive explosive peroxide. When heated
to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. See also KETONES.
Синтез
3-Pentanone's two synthesis methods : 1) from Propyl alcohol. 2) from Propionic acid.
Методы очистки
Dry it with anhydrous CaSO4 or CuSO4, and distil from P2O5 under N2 or under reduced pressure. Further purification is by conversion to the semicarbazone (recrystallise to constant m 139o, from EtOH) which, after drying in vacuo over CaCl2 and paraffin wax, is refluxed for 30minutes with excess oxalic acid, then steam distilled and salted out with K2CO3. Dry with Na2SO4 and distil [Cowan et al. J Chem Soc 171 1940]. [Beilstein 1 IV 3279.]
Утилизация отходов
Incineration; molten salt treatment.
3-пентанон препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат