CORTISONE химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
Off-White Crystalline Powder
Использование
Cortisone is used for inflammatory processes, allergies, and adrenal insufficiency.
Определение
ChEBI: A C21-steroid that is pregn-4-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 17 and 21 and oxo group at positions 3, 11 and 20.
Общее описание
Cortisone is a corticosteroid produced in the adrenal glands. Cortisone is administered for short term pain relief and to reduce swelling from inflammation. This Certified Spiking Solution? is applicable in LC-MS/MS applications for endocrinology, clinical chemistry and neonatal screening.
Опасность
Damaging side effects, e.g., sodium retention from ingestion.
Фармакокине?тика
Following oral administration, cortisone acetate and hydrocortisone acetate are completely and
rapidly deacetylated by first-pass metabolism. Much of the oral cortisone, however, is inactivated by
oxidative metabolism before it can be converted to hydrocortisone in the liver. The pharmacokinetics
for hydrocortisone acetate is indistinguishable from that of orally administered hydrocortisone. Oral
hydrocortisone is completely absorbed, with a bioavailability of greater than 95% and a half-life of 1 to 2 hours
(23).
Клиническое использование
Cortisone is administered orally or by intramuscular (IM) injection as its 21-acetate (cortisone acetate).Cortisone acetate or hydrocortisone usually is the corticosteroid of choice for replacement therapy in patients
with adrenocortical insufficiency, because these drugs have both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid
properties.
Метаболизм
The metabolism of hydrocortisone has been previously described. Cortisone acetate is slowly
absorbed from IM injection sites over a period of 24 to 48 hours and is reserved for patients who are unable to
take the drug orally. The acetate ester derivative demonstrates increased stability and has a longer duration of
action when administered by IM injection. Thus, smaller doses can be used. Similarly, hydrocortisone may be
dispensed as its 21-acetate (hydrocortisone acetate), which is superior to cortisone acetate when injected
intra-articularly.
Методы очистки
Crystallise cortisone from 95% EtOH or acetone. The UV has 14,000 M-1cm -1 at 237nm (EtOH). [Beilstein 8 IV 3480, Hems J Pharm Pharmacol 5 409 1953, Beilstein 8 IV 3480.]
CORTISONE препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат