Азлоциллин

Antibacterial.

ChEBI: A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Haemophilus influenzae.

Azlocillin is active with respect to Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. It is highly effective with respect to bacillus pyocyaneus, including strains that are resistant to carbenicillin and aminoglycosides. It is destroyed by betalactamases. It is used for bacterial infections such as pyelonephritis, uretritis, cystitis, endometritis, cholecystitis, sepsis, peritonitis, endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, infections of the skin and soft tissues, infected burns, and so on. Synonyms of this drug are securopen and azlin.

A semisynthetic acylureidopenicillin supplied as the sodium salt for parenteral administration. It is active against a wide range of other Gram-negative bacteria, but is distinguished mainly by its activity against Ps. aeruginosa. B. fragilis and other anaerobes are moderately susceptible. Like other ureidopenicillins, azlocillin is active against Grampositive cocci, H. influenzae and N. gonorrhoeae. Because it can be hydrolyzed by most β-lactamases, β-lactamase-producing isolates are resistant.
It attains peak concentrations of 250 mg/L after a 3 g intravenous infusion, with a plasma half-life of approximately 1 h. Protein binding is 20–30%. It distributes into multiple tissues and human body fluids at therapeutically useful concentrations. Up to 60% of the dose is recoverable from the urine, mostly unchanged, although some hydrolysis of the β-lactam ring takes place in the body.
Toxicity and side effects are similar to those associated with carboxypenicillins. Its clinical use is for serious infections with susceptible organisms, including lower respiratory tract, intra-abdominal, urinary tract and gynecological infections. Commercial availability is quite limited.