Cumил гидропероксид химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
colourless liquid
Использование
Production of acetone and phenol; polymerization catalyst, particularly in redox systems, used for
rapid polymerization.
Определение
ChEBI: A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group.
Общее описание
Colorless to light yellow liquid with a sharp, irritating odor. Flash point 175°F. Boils at 153°C and at 100°C at the reduced pressure of 8 mm Hg. Slightly soluble in water and denser than water. Hence sinks in water. Readily soluble in alcohol, acetone, esters, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons. Toxic by inhalation and skin absorption. Used in production of acetone and phenol, as a polymerization catalyst, in redox systems.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Slightly soluble in water and oxidized in air at approximately 130°C.
Профиль реактивности
Cumyl hydroperoxide is a strong oxidizing agent. May react explosively upon contact with reducing reagents Violent reaction occurs upon contact with copper, copper alloys, lead alloys, and mineral acids. Contact with charcoal powder gives a strong exothermic reaction. Decomposes explosively with sodium iodide [Chem. Eng. News, 1990, 68(6), 2]. Can be exploded by shock or heat [Sax, 2 ed., 1965, p. 643]. May ignite organic materials.
Опасность
Toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.
Strong oxidizing agent; may ignite organic materials.
Угроза здоровью
Inhalation of vapor causes headache and burning throat. Liquid causes severe irritation of eyes; on skin, causes burning, throbbing sensation, irritation, and blisters. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.
Пожароопасность
Flammable; highly reactive and oxidizing.
Flash point 79°C (174.2°F); vapor density
5.2 (air= 1); autoignition temperature not
reported; self-accelerating decomposition
temperature 93°C (199.4°F).
When exposed to heat or flame, it may
ignite and/or explode. A 91–95% concentration
of cumene hydroperoxide decomposes
violently at 150°C (302°F) (NFPA 1986).
Duswalt and Hood (1990) reported violent
decomposition when this compound mixed
accidentally with a 2-propanol solution of
sodium iodide.
It forms an explosive mixture with air.
The explosive concentration range is not
reported. Hazardous when mixed with easily
oxidizable compounds. Fire-extinguishing
agent: water from a sprinkler or fog nozzle
from an explosion-resistant location.
Возможный контакт
Cumene hydroperoxide is used as polymerization initiator, curing agent for unsaturated polyester resins and cross-linking agent; as an intermediate in the process for making phenol plus acetone from cumene.
хранилище
Cumene hydroperoxide is stored in a cool,dry and well-ventilated area isolated fromother chemicals. It should be protectedagainst physical damage. It may be shippedin wooden boxes with inside glass or earthenwarecontainers or in 55-gallon metal drums.
Перевозки
UN3109 Organic peroxide type F, liquid, Hazard Class: 5.2; Labels: 5.2-Organic peroxide, Technical Name Required.
Методы очистки
Purify the hydroperoxide by adding 100mL of 70% material slowly and with agitation to 300mL of 25% NaOH in water, keeping the temperature below 30o. The resulting crystals of the sodium salt are filtered off, washed twice with 25 mL portions of *benzene, then stirred with 100mL of *benzene for 20minutes. After filtering off the crystals and repeating the washing, they are suspended in 100mL of distilled water and the pH is adjusted to 7.5 by addition of 4M HCl. The free hydroperoxide is extracted into two 20mL portions of n-hexane, and the solvent is evaporated under vacuum at room temperature, the last traces being removed at 40-50o/1mm [Fordham & Williams Canad J Res 27B 943 1949]. Petroleum ether, but not diethyl ether, can be used instead of *benzene, and powdered solid CO2 can replace the 4M HCl. [Beilstein 6 IV 3221.] The material is potentially EXPLOSIVE.
Несовместимости
The pure material is reported to explode on heating at elevated temperatures (various values given are 50°, 109, 150°C) or in strong sunlight. The substance is a strong oxidizer; reacts violently with combustible and reducing agents, causing fire and explosion hazard. Contact with metallic salts of cobalt, copper or lead alloys; mineral acids; bases; and amines may lead to violent decomposition. Vapor forms an explosive mixture with air. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.
Cumил гидропероксид препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат