Альфа-пинен химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Alpha-pinene is the major constituent of turpentine
(about 80%). It exists as a levogyre form in European
turpentines, and as a dextrogyre form in turpentines
found in North America. Sensitization mainly occurs
in painters, polishers and varnishers, and in those in
the perfume and ceramics industry.
Химические свойства
liquid with a turpentine odour
Определение
ChEBI: A pinene that is bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6 and 6 respectively.
Методы производства
α-Pinene occurs naturally in a variety of trees and shrubs,
including more than 400 essential oils, and air concentrations
near pine forests may reach 500–1200 mg/m3. Total
U.S. emission of α-pinene from deciduous and coniferous
forests amounts to 6.6 million tons annually. An estimated
emission rate of α-pinene from natural sources to the
atmosphere is 1.84×10
-10 g/cm3/s.
Подготовка
From turpentine, by distillation.
Общее описание
A clear colorless liquid with a turpentine odor. Flash point 91°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Used as a solvent.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Профиль реактивности
alpha-Pinene may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release gaseous hydrogen.
Угроза здоровью
Harmful if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin. High concentrations are extremely destructive to mucous membrane and upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin. Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting.
Пожароопасность
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flashback. Container explosion may occur during fire conditions. Forms explosive mixtures in air.
Контактные аллергены
Alpha-pinene is the major constituent of turpentine
(about 80%). It exists in levogyre form in European
turpentine and in dextrogyre form in turpentine found
in North-Americans. Sensitization occurs mainly in
painters, polishers, and varnishers, and in those in the
perfume and in the ceramics industry.
Профиль безопасности
A deadly poison by
inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion.
An eye, mucous membrane, and severe
human skin irritant. Flammable liquid. A
dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat,
flame, or oxidizing materials. To fight fire,
use foam, Co2, dry chemical. Explodes on
contact with nitrosyl perchlorate.
Альфа-пинен препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат