Diquat dibromide

Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral

Skin irritation, Category 2

Eye irritation, Category 2

Skin sensitization, Category 1

Acute toxicity - Category 2, Inhalation

Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Category 3

Specific target organ toxicity – repeated exposure, Category 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, short-term (Acute) - Category Acute 1

Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 1

H302 Harmful if swallowed

H315 Causes skin irritation

H319 Causes serious eye irritation

H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction

H330 Fatal if inhaled

H335 May cause respiratory irritation

H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects

P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling.

P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.

P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection/hearing protection/...

P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.

P260 Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.

P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

P284 [In case of inadequate ventilation] wear respiratory protection.

P273 Avoid release to the environment.

P301+P317 IF SWALLOWED: Get medical help.

P330 Rinse mouth.

P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/...

P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label).

P332+P317 If skin irritation occurs: Get medical help.

P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse.

P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

P333+P317 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical help.

P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.

P316 Get emergency medical help immediately.

P320 Specific treatment is urgent (see ... on this label).

P319 Get medical help if you feel unwell.

P391 Collect spillage.

P403+P233 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.

P405 Store locked up.

P501 Dispose of contents/container to an appropriate treatment and disposal facility in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and product characteristics at time of disposal.

no data available

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

First rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, then remove contaminated clothes and rinse again. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Induce vomiting (ONLY IN CONSCIOUS PERSONS!). Refer for medical attention .

INHALATION: No appreciable vapor pressure. Prolonged contact with spray or mist may cause oral and nasal irritation. EYES: Irritation. SKIN: Irritation. INGESTION: Vomiting, diarrhea, general malaise. Possible kidney and liver damage, dyspnea, and pulmonary edema. With large doses there may be tremors or convulsions. OTHER: May be fatal if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin. (USCG, 1999)

Basic treatment: . Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. . Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. . Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary . . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination . Bromine, methyl bromide, and related compounds

Small Fire: Use dry chemical, CO2, water spray, or foam. Large Fire: Use water spray, fog or foam. Move containers from fire area if possible without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.

Behavior in Fire: Decomposes at high temperature, charring rather than melting or boiling. (USCG, 1999)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

In case of land spill absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.

Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Well closed. Separated from food and feedstuffs.IT IS GENERALLY NOT ADVISABLE TO STORE UNDILUTED DIQUAT IN CONTACT WITH METALS; UNDILUTED MATERIAL IS BEST KEPT IN ORIGINAL CONTAINER.

TLV: (inhalable fraction): 0.5 mg/m3, as TWA; (skin); A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen).TLV: (respirable fraction): 0.1 mg/m3, as TWA; (skin); A4 (not classifiable as a human carcinogen)

no data available

Ensure adequate ventilation. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Set up emergency exits and the risk-elimination area.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

no data available

Decomposes at 335°C. This produces toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and hydrogen bromide.

Under normal storage conditions, in original containers, shelf life is indefinitely long; dry chem sensitive to UV light.

Diquat does not burn or burns with difficulty.DIQUAT is light sensitive. This compound can corrode aluminum and other metals. (NTP, 1992) Quaternary ammonium salts often serve as catalysts in reactions. They are incompatible with many strong oxidizers and reducing agents, such as metal hydrides, alkali/active metals, and organometallics. Unlike the ammonium ion, [NH4]+, and the primary, secondary, or tertiary ammonium cations, the quaternary ammonium cations are permanently charged, independent of the pH of their solution.

no data available

Alkalis, UV light, basic solutions [Note: Concentrated diquat solutions corrode aluminum].

When heated to decomposition, diquat dibromide emits very toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides and hydrogen bromide/.

no data available

no data available

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Cancer Classification: Group E Evidence of Non-carcinogenicity for Humans

no data available

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the kidneys, liver, cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract. This may result in impaired functions and tissue lesions. Exposure to high concentrations could cause death.

The substance may have effects on the eyes. This may result in cataract.

Evaporation at 20°C is negligible; a harmful concentration of airborne particles can, however, be reached quickly on spraying or when dispersed, especially if powdered.

Diquat dibromide is listed as being a chemical which is unlikely to be removed during biological sewage treatment, even after prolonged exposure of the microorganisms(1). However microorganisms are capable of degrading diquat dibromide(2) and biodegradation occurs in various sediment-water systems as is evidenced by the cumulative production of CO2 in these systems(3); the rate of degradation is very slow. After 65 days, only 0.88 and 0.21% of the diquat dromide was converted to CO2 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using water and sediment from a eutrophic lake and negligible using water and sediment from an oligotrophic lake(3). Diquat dibromide adsorbed on the internal faces of montmorillonite clay in aqueous soil-nutrient solution was not degraded by microorganisms over a one year period(4). When adsorbed in the interlayer spacings of the clay, the compound probably persists indefinitely in its original form, although in a biologically inactive state(4).

A BCF range of <0.6 to 1.4 was measured for diquat dibromide(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). No bioaccumulation in fish was reported using a microcosm(3). No residues were detected in organs or tissues of channel catfish collected from pools 5 months after a single application or 2 months after a second treatment of 1 ppm diquat(4).

Diquat dirbomide exhibits strong adsorption to soils(1). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(2), the Koc for diquat dibromide can be estimated to be 2,000(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that diquat dibromide is expected to have slight mobility in soil. The Rf value, from thin-layer chromatography on soil plates, for this compound falls in the range of 0-0.09, which indicates no mobility(4). Diquat dibromide is an organic divalent cation(5) and cations generally adsorb to organic carbon and clay more strongly than their neutral counterparts(6).

no data available

The material can be disposed of by removal to a licensed chemical destruction plant or by controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing. Do not contaminate water, foodstuffs, feed or seed by storage or disposal. Do not discharge to sewer systems.

Containers can be triply rinsed (or equivalent) and offered for recycling or reconditioning. Alternatively, the packaging can be punctured to make it unusable for other purposes and then be disposed of in a sanitary landfill. Controlled incineration with flue gas scrubbing is possible for combustible packaging materials.

ADR/RID: UN2781 (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: UN2781 (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: UN2781 (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: BIPYRIDILIUM PESTICIDE, SOLID, TOXIC (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: BIPYRIDILIUM PESTICIDE, SOLID, TOXIC (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: BIPYRIDILIUM PESTICIDE, SOLID, TOXIC (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: 6.1 (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: I (For reference only, please check.)

IMDG: I (For reference only, please check.)

IATA: I (For reference only, please check.)

ADR/RID: Yes

IMDG: Yes

IATA: Yes

no data available

no data available

The toxicological information is the same for diquat dibromide monohydrate (CAS 6385-62-2) and diquat (CAS 2764-72-9).Do NOT take working clothes home.Carrier solvents used in commercial formulations may change physical and toxicological properties.If the substance is formulated with solvents also consult the ICSCs of these materials.