| Identification | More | [Name]
Phosphorus pentachloride | [CAS]
10026-13-8 | [Synonyms]
PETACHLOROPHOSPHORANE
PHOSPHORUS CHLORIDE
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE, POLYMER-BOUND
PHOSPHORUS(V) CHLORIDE
Fosforo(pentacloruro di)
fosforo(pentaclorurodi)
Fosforpentachloride
fosforpentachloride[dutch]
PCl5
pentachloro-phosphoran
pentachlorophosphorane
pentachloro-phosphorane
pentachlorophosphorus
pentachloro-Phosphorus
Phosphorane, pentachloro-
Phosphorane,pentachloro-
Phosphore(pentachlorure de)
phosphore(pentachlorurede)
phosphore(pentachlorurede)(french) | [EINECS(EC#)]
233-060-3 | [Molecular Formula]
Cl5P | [MDL Number]
MFCD00011439 | [Molecular Weight]
208.24 | [MOL File]
10026-13-8.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Description]
Phthalic anhydride is a white lustrous needle-like solid, phthalic anhydride is slightly
soluble in water.
Phthalic anhydride is an important chemical intermediate in the plastics industry. It has extensive industrial applications in the production of phthalic plasticisers, alkydic resins, polyesters resins, and synthetic resins. It is also used in dyes phenolphthalein, PVC stabilisers, drying agents for paints and aro. Phthalic anhydride itself is used as a monomer for synthetic resins such as glyptal, the alkyd resins, and the polyester resins. It is also used to make unsaturated polyesters that are used to manufacture fibreglassreinforced plastics, halogenated anhydrides used as fire retardants; polyester polyols for urethanes, phthalocyanine pigments; dyes, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, tanning and curing agents, as solvents, as insect repellents, and various chemical intermediates. Phthalic anhydride is released to the environment from chemical plants, mainly those that manufacture the chemical or use it in the production of plastics and resins. Phthalic anhydride is used in the synthesis of primary amines, the agricultural fungicide phaltan, and thalidomide. | [Appearance]
Phosphorus pentachloride is a pale yellow, fuming solid with an odor like hydrochloric acid. | [Melting point ]
179-181°C (subl.) | [Boiling point ]
160 °C | [density ]
1.6 | [vapor pressure ]
0.016 hPa (20 °C) | [storage temp. ]
2-8°C | [solubility ]
Soluble in carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride. | [form ]
macroporous
| [color ]
Yellow | [Specific Gravity]
1.6 | [Odor]
Pungent odour | [PH]
1 (5g/l, H2O)acidic | [Water Solubility ]
decomposes | [Sensitive ]
Moisture Sensitive | [Merck ]
14,7351 | [Dielectric constant]
2.8（160℃） | [Exposure limits]
TLV-TWA 0.85 mg/m3 (0.1 ppm) (ACGIH), ～1 mg/m3 (0.1 ppm) (OSHA). . | [Stability:]
Hygroscopic, Moisture Sensitive | [InChIKey]
UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N | [CAS DataBase Reference]
10026-13-8(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Phosphorus pentachloride(10026-13-8) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
10026-13-8(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
T+ | [Risk Statements ]
R14:Reacts violently with water.
R22:Harmful if swallowed.
R26:Very Toxic by inhalation.
R34:Causes burns.
R48/20:Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation . | [Safety Statements ]
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection .
S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) .
S7/8:Keep container tightly closed and dry . | [RIDADR ]
UN 1806 8/PG 2
| [WGK Germany ]
3
| [RTECS ]
TB6125000
| [F ]
3-10 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
8 | [PackingGroup ]
II | [HS Code ]
28121045 | [Safety Profile]
Poison by inhalation.
Moderately toxic by ingestion. A severe eye,
skin, and mucous membrane irritant.
Corrosive to body tissues. Flammable by
chemical reaction. Explosive reaction with
chlorine dioxide + chlorine, sodium, urea +
heat. Reacts to form explosive products with
carbamates, 3'-methy-2-nitrobenzanilide
(product explodes on contact with air).
Ignites on contact with fluorine. Reacts
violently with moisture, ClO3, hydroxyl-
amine, magnesium oxide, nitrobenzene,
phosphorus(Ⅲ) oxide, K. To fight fire, use
CO2, dry chemical. Incompatible with
aluminum, chlorine dioxide, chlorine,diphosphorus trioxide, fluorine,
hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, 3'-methyl-
2-nitrobenzanilide, nitrobenzene, sodium,
urea, water. Will react with water or steam to
produce heat and toxic and corrosive fumes.
Used as a catalyst, chlorinating and
dehydrating agent. When heated to
decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of
Cland POx. | [Hazardous Substances Data]
10026-13-8(Hazardous Substances Data) | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in Rabbit: 660 mg/kg | [IDLA]
70 mg/m3 |
| Raw materials And Preparation Products | Back Directory | [Raw materials]
Chlorine-->Phosphorus trichloride-->Phosphorus | [Preparation Products]
METHYL 2-CHLORO-6-METHYLPYRIMIDINE-4-CARBOXYLATE-->2-CHLORO-3-NITROTHIOPHENE-->3-METHYL-2-NITROBENZYL ALCOHOL-->Cefuzonam-->5-Bromo-2-chloro-3-nitropyridine-->Cilostazol-->2-CHLORO-3,5-DINITROPYRIDINE-->2-Chloro-6-methylpyridine-4-carboxylic acid-->Ropivacaine-->3-BENZOYLPHENYLACETIC ACID-->DIMETHYL 4-CHLOROPYRIDINE-2,6-DICARBOXYLATE-->5-CHLORO-4-NITROTHIOPHENE-2-SULFONYL CHLORIDE-->Propylphosphonic anhydride-->Sodium cloxacillin monohydrate-->1-methyl-4-[3,3,3-tris(4-chlorophenyl)propionyl]piperazine-->2-Chlorobenzothiazole-->2-CHLORO-PYRIMIDINE-5-SULFONYL CHLORIDE-->1-Methyl-4-nitro-1H-imidazole-5-carbonitrile-->5-ACETAMIDONAPHTHALENE-1-SULFONYL CHLORIDE-->Isophthaloyl dichloride-->Hexylamine-->2,4,5,6-TETRAMETHYLBENZENEDISULFONYL DICHLORIDE-->dimethyl 4-chloropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate-->Isopropyl(4-chlorophenyl)acetyl chloride-->3-(2-Chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carbonyl chloride-->9-AMINOACRIDINE-->Diphenyl N-cyanocarbonimidate-->2,4-MESITYLENEDISULFONYL DICHLORIDE-->1,1-Dichlorodimethyl ether-->2,2'-OXYDIACETYL CHLORIDE-->2'-IODOHIPPURIC ACID-->5-Chlorothiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride-->PYRROLIDINE-1-SULFONYL CHLORIDE-->(R)-(-)-2-Phenylglycine chloride hydrochloride-->1-CHLORO-2-METHYL-1-PROPENE-->5-Methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carbonyl chloride-->4-(1H-PYRAZOL-1-YL)BENZENESULFONYL CHLORIDE-->3-methyl-2-nitrobenzoyl chloride-->4,5-Dibromothiophene-2-sulphonyl chloride-->DIBENZYL PHTHALATE |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [General Description]
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE(10026-13-8) is a greenish-yellow crystalline solid with an irritating odor. PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE(10026-13-8) is decomposed by water to form hydrochloric and phosphoric acid and heat. This heat may be sufficient to ignite surrounding combustible material. PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE(10026-13-8) is corrosive to metals and tissue. Long term exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations can result in adverse health effects from inhalation. | [Reactivity Profile]
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE is a lightly yellow, fuming crystalline material, highly caustic, corrosive and toxic. Flammable by chemical reaction. Violent exothermic reaction with water or steam. When heated to decomposition PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE emits highly toxic fumes of chlorides and oxides of phosphorus. Explosive reaction with alkaline metals (sodium, potassium), urea. Ignites on contact with fluorine. Violent reaction with aluminum, chlorine trioxide, hydroxylamine, magnesium oxide, nitrobenzene, phosphorus(III) oxide, potassium. Carbamates form explosive products [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1360]. Reaction with the mixture of chlorine and chlorine dioxide causes explosion [Mellor, 1941, vol. 2, p. 281; 1940, vol. 8, p. 1013]. | [Health Hazard]
PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE can cause death due to pulmonary edemaor by circulatory shock. | [Potential Exposure]
Phosphorus pentachloride is used as a as a chlorinating and dehydrating agent and as a catalyst. It is used in the manufacture of agricultural chemicals;chlorinated compounds; gasoline additives, plasticizers and surfactants; and in pharmaceutical manufacture | [Fire Hazard]
When heated to decomposition, PHOSPHORUS PENTACHLORIDE emits highly toxic fumes of chlorides and chlorine. Will react with water or steam to produce heat and toxic and corrosive fumes. Reacts violently with moisture, chlorine trioxide, fluorine hydroxylamine, magnesium oxides, diphosphorus trioxide, sodium and potassium. Decomposed by water to form hydrogen chloride, phosphoric acids, corrosive materials, and heat. This heat may be sufficient to ignite surrounding combustible materials. Incompatible with water, magnesium oxide, chemically active metals: sodium, potassium; alkalis; aluminum; chlorine dioxide; chlorine; diphosphorus trioxide; fluorine; hydroxylamine; magnesium oxide; 3'-methyl-2-nitrobenzanilide; nitrobenzene; sodium; urea; water. | [First aid]
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately. If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure, begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention. If victim is conscious, administer water, or milk. Do not induce vomiting. Medical observation is recommended for 2448 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy. | [Shipping]
UN1806 Phosphorus pentachloride, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. | [Incompatibilities]
Phosphorus pentachloride is a powerful oxidizer. Reacts with water (violent), magnesium oxide, chemically active metals, such as sodium and potassium, alkalis, amines, carbamates, aluminum powder, combustibles, fluorine, phosphorus pentoxide, phosphorus trioxide, and many other substances. Hydrolyzes in water (even in humid air) to form hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid. Corrosive to many metals, forming flammable and explosive hydrogen gas. Attacks plastic and rubber. | [Chemical Properties]
Phosphorus pentachloride is a pale yellow, fuming solid with an odor like hydrochloric acid. | [Chemical Properties]
Yellowish crystalline powder and scales | [Waste Disposal]
Decompose with water, forming phosphoric and hydrochloric acids. Neutralize acids and dilute if necessary for discharge into the sewer system. | [Definition]
ChEBI: Phosphorus pentachloride is a phosphorus halide. | [Flammability and Explosibility]
Nonflammable | [Purification Methods]
[All operations should be carried out in an efficient fume cupboard.] Sublime it at 160-170o in an atmosphere of chlorine. Excess chlorine is then displaced by dry N2 gas. All subsequent manipulations should be performed in a dry-box [Downs & Johnson J Am Chem Soc 77 2098 1955]. It fumes in moist air and attacks the eyes and the mucous membranes of the nose. It should not be breathed in and has very HARMFUL VAPOURS (wash burning eyes with aqueous NaHCO3). |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Physical Properties]
Yellowish-white tetragonal crystals; pungent odor; fumes in air; deliquescent; density 2.1 g/cm3; decomposes on heating; melts at 166.8°C under the pressure of its own vapor(triple point); sublimes at 160°C; critical temperature 373°C; hydrolyzes in water; soluble in carbon disulfide and carbon tetrachloride.
| [Uses]
Phosphorus pentachloride is used as a chlorinating agent in many organic syntheses, such as production of alkyl and acid chlorides. It also is a catalyst in manufacturing acetylcellulose.
| [Preparation]
Phosphorus pentachloride is prepared by reacting white phosphorus with excess dry chlorine. The white phosphorus is placed over sand in a retort from which air and moisture have been purged. The reaction is indicated by inflaming phosphorus:
P4 + 10Cl2 → 4PCl5
Also, the compound is obtained by reaction of dry chlorine with phosphorus trichloride:
PCl3 + Cl2 → PCl5
| [Reactions]
Phosphorus pentachloride absorbs moisture from air forming phosphoryl chloride:
PCl5 + H2O → POCl3 + 2HCl
The above reaction is difficult to control and progresses to complete hydrolysis. Thus, in the presence of excess water or when treated with water, the pentachloride is hydrolyzed to phosphoric acid:
PCl5 + 4H2O → H3PO4 + 5HCl
Reaction with sulfur dioxide yields thionyl chloride and phosphoryl chloride:
PCl5 + SO2 → SOCl2 + POCl3
Reaction with liquid hydrogen sulfide forms thiophosphoryl chloride, PSCl3:
PCl5 + H2S → PSCl3 + 2HCl
Phosphorus pentachoride converts arsenic to arsenic trichloride:
3PCl5 + 2As → 3AsCl3 + 3PCl3
Reaction with oxalic acid or boric acid yields phosphoryl chloride:
PCl5 + (COOH)2 → POCl3 + CO + CO2 + 2HCl
3PCl5 + 2B(OH)3 → 3POCl3 + B2O3 + 6HCl
Reaction with phosphorus pentoxide produces phosphoryl chloride:
3PCl5 + P2O5 → 5POCl3
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