BUTYRONITRILE
![BUTYRONITRILE Structure](CAS/GIF/109-74-0.gif)
- CAS No.
- 109-74-0
- Chemical Name:
- BUTYRONITRILE
- Synonyms
- BUTANENITRILE;PROPYL CYANIDE;N-BUTYRONITRILE;butanonitrile;n-C3H7CN;NITRILE C4;1-Cyanpropan;Propylkyanid;Butyromitrile;BUTYRONITRILE
- CBNumber:
- CB0436355
- Molecular Formula:
- C4H7N
- Molecular Weight:
- 69.11
- MOL File:
- 109-74-0.mol
- MSDS File:
- SDS
- Modify Date:
- 2023/11/28 16:31:43
Melting point | −112 °C(lit.) |
---|---|
Boiling point | 115-117 °C(lit.) |
Density | 0.794 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
vapor density | 2.4 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 23 mm Hg ( 25 °C) |
refractive index |
n |
Flash point | 62 °F |
storage temp. | Flammables area |
solubility | slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether and dimethylformamide |
form | Liquid |
color | Clear |
Water Solubility | Miscible with benzene, alcohol, ether and dimethylformamide. Slightly soluble in water. |
Merck | 14,1597 |
BRN | 1361452 |
Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 22.5 mg/m3 (8 ppm) (NIOSH). |
Dielectric constant | 20.7(21℃) |
Stability | Stable. Combustible. Substances to be avoided include strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and strong reducing agents. |
LogP | 0.401 at 30℃ |
CAS DataBase Reference | 109-74-0(CAS DataBase Reference) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Butanenitrile (109-74-0) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
Symbol(GHS) | ![]() ![]() GHS02,GHS06 |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Signal word | Danger | |||||||||
Hazard statements | H225-H301+H311-H330 | |||||||||
Precautionary statements | P210-P233-P240-P280-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P310 | |||||||||
Hazard Codes | T,F | |||||||||
Risk Statements | 10-23/24/25-11 | |||||||||
Safety Statements | 45-63-36/37-16 | |||||||||
OEB | A | |||||||||
OEL | TWA: 8 ppm (22 mg/m3) | |||||||||
RIDADR | UN 2411 3/PG 2 | |||||||||
WGK Germany | 1 | |||||||||
RTECS | ET8750000 | |||||||||
Autoignition Temperature | 910 °F | |||||||||
Hazard Note | Toxic | |||||||||
TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
HazardClass | 3 | |||||||||
PackingGroup | II | |||||||||
HS Code | 29269095 | |||||||||
Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 0.14 g/kg (Smyth) | |||||||||
NFPA 704 |
|
BUTYRONITRILE price More Price(9)
Manufacturer | Product number | Product description | CAS number | Packaging | Price | Updated | Buy |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sigma-Aldrich | 538264 | Butyronitrile ≥99% | 109-74-0 | 100ML | ₹1807.78 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 538264 | Butyronitrile ≥99% | 109-74-0 | 100ML | ₹1807.78 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 538264 | Butyronitrile ≥99% | 109-74-0 | 1L | ₹7285.23 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 20760 | Butyronitrile purum, ≥99.0% (GC) | 109-74-0 | 250ML | ₹2522.23 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 20760 | Butyronitrile purum, ≥99.0% (GC) | 109-74-0 | 1L | ₹6776.45 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
BUTYRONITRILE Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Chemical Properties
n-Butyronitrile has a sharp suffocating odor. Forms cyanide in the body. Butyronitrile [109-74-0], propyl cyanide, butanenitrile, CH3(CH2)2CN, is a colorless liquid slightly miscible with water, miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether. The physical properties are listed in Table 1. Butyronitrile is usually obtained by the catalytic gase-phase reaction of butanol or butyraldehyde with ammonia. Its major use is the manufacture of the poultry drug amprolium.
Uses
Butyronitrile is used as a chemical intermediate.
Production Methods
n-Butyronitrile is prepared from 1-butanol by controlled cyanation with NH3 at 300°C in the presence of Ni-Al203 or zinc phosphide catalysts.
Definition
ChEBI: A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a propyl group.
General Description
A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 76°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Used in the manufacture of other chemicals.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
BUTYRONITRILE can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents, when heated to decomposition, BUTYRONITRILE emits highly toxic fumes of cyanides and oxides of nitrogen [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 609]. Nitriles may polymerize in the presence of metals and some metal compounds. They are incompatible with acids; mixing nitriles with strong oxidizing acids can lead to extremely violent reactions. Nitriles are generally incompatible with other oxidizing agents such as peroxides and epoxides. The combination of bases and nitriles can produce hydrogen cyanide. Nitriles are hydrolyzed in both aqueous acid and base to give carboxylic acids (or salts of carboxylic acids). These reactions generate heat. Peroxides convert nitriles to amides. Nitriles can react vigorously with reducing agents. Acetonitrile and propionitrile are soluble in water, but nitriles higher than propionitrile have low aqueous solubility. They are also insoluble in aqueous acids.
Hazard
Flammable, dangerous fire risk.
Health Hazard
n-Butyronitrile is considered a highly hazardous material and full precautions should be used to prevent skin contact or inhalation of the vapor. Inhaled n-butyronitrile is about 2.4 times as toxic as acetonitrile. In order to protect workers, the recommended TWA limit is obtained by dividing that for acetonitrile by the factor 2.4. NIOSH has therefore recommended that employee exposure should not exceed 8 ppm (v/v) (22 mg/m3) compound as a TLV-TWA.
Fire Hazard
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic cyanide fumes
Industrial uses
n-Butyronitrile is used as an industrial solvent, an intermediate in the chemical industry and in poultry medicines.
Safety Profile
A poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation. Experimental reproductive data. A skin irritant. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. To fight fire, use alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN-.
Purification Methods
Treat it with conc HCl until the smell of the isonitrile had gone, then dry with K2CO3 and fractionally distil [Turner J Chem Soc 1681 1956]. Alternatively it is twice heated at 75o and stirred for several hours with a mixture of 7.7g Na2CO3 and 11.5g KMnO4 per L of butyronitrile. The mixture is cooled, then distilled. The middle fraction is dried over activated alumina. [Schoeller & Wiemann J Am Chem Soc 108 22 1986, Beilstein 2 IV 806.]
Waste Disposal
Burning in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber is the most effective way to destroy the compound. Oxidation with ethanolic–KOH can convert butyronitrile to nonhazardous cyanate.
BUTYRONITRILE Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
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