ジドデカノイルペルオキシド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
性質
加熱すると、激しく燃焼または爆発することがある。強力な酸化剤で、可燃性や還元性の物質と反応し、火災や爆発の危険をもたらす。
解説
過酸化ジラウロイル．過酸化ラウロイルともいう．エーテル溶媒中で塩化ドデカノイル(CH3(CH2)10COCl)に過酸化ナトリウムを反応させると得られる．無色の結晶．分解点53～55 ℃．加熱によって爆発する．ほとんどの有機溶剤に可溶．溶媒中で分解して，C11H23COO･，C11H23･など寿命の長い遊離基を生じる．ビニルあるいはジエン単量体の遊離基重合開始剤として，乳化重合によるポリスチレン，ポリ(塩化ビニル)，ポリ(メタクリル酸メチル)，ポリエチレンなどの製造，不飽和ポリエステル樹脂の硬化触媒，油脂漂白剤などに用いられる．
用途
重合開始剤、架橋剤
化学的特性
Dilauroyl peroxide (Lauroyl peroxide) is a tasteless, coarse, white powder.
Dilauroyl peroxide is not a deflagration hazard. However,
it has been judged an intermediate fire hazard by Noller
et al. When all the physical tests available for this
peroxide are evaluated collectively, it actually ranks as a
low physical hazard .
使用
Dilauroyl peroxide is produced by reaction of lauroyl chloride with sodium
peroxide. Its major use is as an initiator for vinyl chloride. It is
used as a polymerization agent in the plastics industry and as a
curing agent for rubber. It has also been used as a burnout agent
for acetate yarns. The pharmaceutical industry uses it in topical
creams in combination with antibiotics for acne treatment .
製造方法
Dilauroyl peroxide is the symmetrical peroxide of lauric acid. It is produced by treating lauroyl chloride with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of base:
2C11H23COCl + H2O2+ 2NaOH → (C11H23CO2)2 + 2HCl
一般的な説明
Dilauroyl peroxide appears as a white solid with a faint soapy odor. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Melting point 49 °C. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Strong skin irritant. Used as bleaching agent, drying agent for fats, oils and waxes, and as a polymerization catalyst.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Dilauroyl peroxide is an oxidizing agent. Can ignite organic materials; hence a dangerous fire and explosion risk [Hawley]. Strongly reduced material such as sulfides, nitrides, and hydrides may react explosively. Vigorous reactions with other reducing agents. With charcoal sometimes ignites. [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1194].
健康ハザード
Contact with liquid irritates eyes and skin. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.
火災危険
Behavior in Fire: Can increase the severity of a fire. Becomes sensitive to shock when hot. Containers may explode in a fire. May ignite or explode spontaneously if mixed with flammable materials.
発がん性
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has evaluated the carcinogenicity of
lauroyl peroxide. They classified it as a Group 3 material,
which means there is limited or inadequate evidence for
animals and inadequate or absent information for
humans . The carcinogenicity of this peroxide has primarily
been studied using skin applications. After a single
topical application of 10, 20, or 40 mg of lauroyl peroxide,
the epidermal thickness increased markedly. This hyperplasia
was characterized by a sustained production of dark basal
keratinocytes. This peroxide is inactive as a tumor
initiator or as a complete carcinogen. However, it is as
effective as benzoyl peroxide as a skin tumor promoter.
貯蔵
Store in a well-ventilated, cool area, isolatedfrom other chemicals. It is shippedin fiber drums not exceeding 100 lb. Smallamounts may be shipped in 1-lb fiberboardboxes.
純化方法
Crystallise it from n-hexane or *benzene and store it below 0o. Potentially EXPLOSIVE. [cf Beilstein 2 IV 1102.]
廃棄物の処理
Although lauroyl peroxide is relatively lesshazardous, it is recommended that to handlespills and disposal, the same safety measuresbe followed as those for other hazardousorganic peroxides.
ジドデカノイルペルオキシド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品