チオグリコール酸 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～ほとんど無色, 澄明の液体
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される有機酸である。
溶解性
水, エタノールに混和。水及びジエチルエーテルに極めて溶けやすい。
解説
チオグリコール酸水溶性の液体．融点－17.5～－15.5 ℃，沸点110～112 ℃(2.3 kPa)．d2541.300．pKa1 3.68，pKa2 10.68．λmax 245 nm(ε 7413，水，pH 12.5)．多くの有機溶媒に可溶．種々の重金属イオンに鋭敏な試薬であり，また安定な錯体を形成するので，キレート滴定でそれらの金属のマスク剤として用いられる．脱毛剤，コールドパーマ用剤に用いられる．冷暗所に密栓して貯蔵する．
森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
塩化ビニル?ゴムの安定剤、脱毛剤、パーマネントウェービング、写真薬、医薬中間物、動物繊維の加工、鉄の比色分析、重金属の除去、ポリマー改質、化粧品原料など
用途
可塑剤、合成ゴム助剤
用途
有機合成(和光試薬時報Vol.62 No.2,p.23(1994))。
製造
クロロ酢酸と硫化水素カリウムまたはジチオ炭酸カリウムとを反応させて加水分解すると得られるメルカプト酢酸．
化粧品の成分用途
パーマネント.ウェーブ用還元剤、還元剤、酸化防止剤、脱毛剤
毒性
LD50 0.15 cm3/kg(ラット，経口)．
使用上の注意
不活性ガス封入
説明
Thio glycolic acid (TGA) is the organic compound HSCH
2CO
2H . It contains both a thiol (mercaptan) and a carboxylic acid. It is a clear liquid with a strong unpleasant odor. It is readily oxidized by air to the corresponding disulfide [SCH
2CO
2H]
2.
TGA was developed in the 1940s for use as a chemical depilatory and is still used as such, especially in salt forms, including calcium thioglycolate and sodium thioglycolate. TGA is the precursor to ammonium thioglycolate that is used for permanents. TGA and its derivatives break the disulfide bonds in the cortex of hair. One reforms these broken bonds in giving hair a "perm." Alternatively and more commonly, the process leads to depilation as is done commonly in leather processing. It is also used as an acidity indicator, manufacturing of thioglycolates, and in bacteriology for preparation of thioglycolate media.
TGA is also used in the making of tin stabilizers often used in certain polyvinyl chloride products (such as vinyl siding).
TGA, usually as its dianion, forms complexes with metal ions. Such complexes have been used for the detection of iron, molybdenum, silver, and tin.
Thioglycolic acid is used as nucleophile in thioglycolysis reactions used on condensed tannins to study their structure.
化学的特性
Also known as mercaptoacetic acid, HSCH2COOH is a colorless liquid with a strong unpleasant odor. Used as a reagent for metals such as iron, molybdenum, silver, and tin,and in bacteriology.
使用
Mercaptoacetic acid is used as a reagent formetals analysis; in the manufacture of thioglycolates, pharmaceuticals, and permanentwave solutions; and as a vinyl stabilizer.
製造方法
Thioglycolic acid is prepared from Sodium sulfide plus Sodium monochloride acetate to yield Dithioglycollic acid. Electrolysis of the latter acid yields the title material.
一般的な説明
A colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Density 1.325 g / cm3. Used to make permanent wave solutions and depilatories. Corrosive to metals and tissue.
空気と水の反応
Readily oxidized by air. Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Mercaptoacetic acid is readily oxidized by air . Reacts readily with other oxidizing agents as well in reactions that may generate toxic gases. Incompatible with diazo and azo compounds, halocarbons, isocyanates, aldehydes, alkali metals, nitrides, hydrides, and other strong reducing agents. Reactions with these materials may generate heat and toxic and flammable gases. May react with acids to liberate hydrogen sulfide. Neutralizes bases in exothermic reactions. Reacts with cyanides, sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates to generate flammable and toxic gases and heat. Reacts with carbonates and bicarbonates.
危険性
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, strong
irritant to tissue, eyes, and skin.
健康ハザード
Mercaptoacetic acid is a highly toxic and ablistering compound. Even a 10% solutionwas lethal to most experimental animals by dermal absorption. The oral LD50 value ofundiluted acid is less than 50 mg/kg (Patty1963). The lethal dose in rabbits by skinabsorption is 300 mg/kg. The acute toxicsymptoms in test animals include weakness,respiratory distress, convulsions, irritation ofthe gastrointestinal tract, and liver damage.Mercaptoacetic acid is a severe irritant.Contact with eyes can cause conjunctivalinflammation and corneal opacity. Skin contact can result in burns and necrosis.
火災危険
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.
化学性质
刺激性の強い微黄色から色の液体．沸点110?112℃（17 mmHg），融点?17.5??15.5℃
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
skin contact, intraperitoneal, and
intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by
subcutaneous route. A corrosive irritant to
skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of SOx. See also MERCAPTANS and
HYDROGEN SULFIDE.
職業ばく露
Thioglycolic acid is used to make thioglycolates; in sensitivity tests for iron; in formulations of permanent wave solutions and depilatories; in pharmaceutical manufacture; as a stabilizer in vinyl plastics.
発がん性
Thioglycolic acid was not mutagenic in a
number of Salmonella typhimurium strains with
or without metabolic activation.
合成方法
クロロ酢酸と硫化ナトリウムとの反応
輸送方法
UN1940 Thyoglycolic acid, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
純化方法
Mix the acid with an equal volume of *benzene; the *benzene is then distilled off to dehydrate the acid. After heating to 100o to remove most of the *benzene, the residue is distilled under vacuum and stored in sealed ampoules at 3o. [Eshelman et al. Anal Chem 22 844 1960, Beilstein 3 IV 1130.]
不和合性
Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly flammable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur). Air, strong oxidizers; bases, active metals, for example, sodium potassium, magnesium, and calcium. Readily oxidized by air. Thermal decomposition causes release of hydrogen sulfide. May attack various metals.
廃棄物の処理
Dissolve in flammable solvent and burn in furnace equipped with afterburner and alkaline scrubber.
チオグリコール酸 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品
チオグリコール酸メチル
チオグリコール酸 エチル
4,4',7,7'-テトラメチル-5,5'-ジクロロ-Δ2,2'(3H,3'H)-ビ[ベンゾ[b]チオフェン]-3,3'-ジオン
3-[[(4-メトキシ-6-メチル-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)カルバモイル]スルファモイル]チオフェン-2-カルボン酸
オラリス ブリリアント ピンク R
メルカプト酢酸アンモニウム
3-[[3-(4-メトキシ-6-メチル-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)ウレイド]スルホニル]チオフェン-2-カルボン酸メチル
10-エチル-4,4-ジメチル-7-オキソ-8-オキサ-3,5-ジチア-4-スタンナテトラデカン酸2-エチルヘキシル
ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-カルボン酸
2,4-チアゾリジンジオン
チオカルバミド酸O-エチル
4-(4-メチルフェニル)-3-チオセミカルバジド
Acetic acid, 2-mercapto-, 1,1'-[2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(mercaptoacetyl)oxy]methyl]-1,3-propanediyl] ester
メルカプト酢酸2-ヒドロキシエチル
エルドステイン