프로피온알데히드

프로피온알데히드 속성

프로피온알데히드 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Propionaldehyde is a volatile liquid substance which consists of one carbonyl group and its characteristic functional group. The main functional group is an aldehyde which classifies propionaldehyde in the carbonyls. The main trunk of this substance is a short aliphatic chain. The carbonyl group determines, to a large extent, its chemical properties and most importantly its nucleophilic property. Propionaldehyde is readily oxidized if in contact to oxygen and should therefore be stored under inert gases.

화학적 성질

Propionaldehyde has a characteristic sharp and pungent odor similar to acetaldehyde.It undergoes reactions typical for the low molecular weight aldehydes, which, because of the terminal carbonyl group, are very reactive. Contamination or the exposure to elevated temperatures may induce a hazardous polymerization.

Propionaldehyde is a colorless, flammable liquid with a suffocating fruity odor. It is used as Intermediate for the chemical industry, for example for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, perfumes and plastics.

출처

Reported found in apple aroma and in the essential oils of camphor, Rosa centifolia, clary sage, Pinus excelsa and Pinus silverstris. Also reported found in over 100 natural products including apple, banana, sweet cherry, sour cherry, black currant grapes, melon, pineapple, strawberry, cabbage, carrot, celery, cucumber, garlic, onion, leek, potato, peas, rutabaga, tomato, Scotch spearmint oil, vinegar, bread and bread preferment, blue cheeses, cheddar cheese, Swiss cheese, butter, milk, cream, boiled egg, caviar, fatty fish, cooked turkey, beef, pork and chicken, beer, rum, cognac, whiskies, grape wines, coffee, cocoa, tea, roasted filberts and peanuts, peanut oil, potato chips, pecans, oats, honey, soybeans, Arctic bramble, beans, Bantu beer, plum brandy, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, rice, prickly pear, peated malt, clary sage, truffle, krill, oysters, loganberry, Chinese quince and maté.

용도

Propionaldehyde is produced by the oxo reaction of ethylene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen. n-Propyl alcohol is produced by hydrogenation of propionaldehyde, and propionic acid is made by oxidation of propionaldehyde.
n-Propyl alcohol is used as solvent in printing inks and as an intermediate in the preparation of agricultural chemicals. Propionic acid is used as a grain preservative as, for example, in preventing spoilage of wet corn used as animal feed. The use of propionic acid as a grain preservative is an alterna tive to drying by heating, which consumes fuel, and is considered mostly when fuel is expensive.

제조 방법

Propionaldehyde is prepared in the usual way by the oxidation of n-propyl alcohol. It can also be prepared by dehydrogenating the alcohol by passing the vapors over a heated copper or brass catalyst. This avoids the danger of further oxidation to propionic acid.
The reactions of propionaldehyde are practically like those of acetaldehyde. It must be remembered that only the two alpha hydrogen atoms are active in replacement and condensation reactions.

정의

ChEBI: An aldehyde that consists of ethane bearing a formyl substituent. The parent of the class of propanals.

일반 설명

A clear colorless liquid with an overpowering fruity-like odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 15°F. Vapors are heavier than air.

공기와 물의 반응

Highly flammable. Soluble in water.

반응 프로필

Propionaldehyde may form explosive peroxides. Reacts vigorously with oxidizing agents. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame [Lewis]. Incompatible with strong bases and strong reducing agents. Vigorous polymerization reaction with methyl methacrylate. Polymerization may also occur in the presence of acids or caustics .

위험도

Flammable, dangerous fire risk, explosive limits in air 3.0–16%. Upper respiratory tract irri- tant.

건강위험

Propionaldehyde is a mild irritant to humanskin and eyes. The irritation effect from40 mg was severe in rabbits’ eyes. The toxicityof this compound observed in test animalswas low. Subcutaneous administration in ratsexhibited the symptoms of general anestheticeffect, convulsion, and seizure. Inhalationtoxicity was determined to be low. A concentrationof 8000 ppm (19,000 mg/m³) inair was lethal to rats.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 1400 mg/kg
LD50 subcutaneous (rats): 820 mg/kg.

화재위험

Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by skin contact, ingestion, and subcutaneous routes. Mddly toxic by inhalation. A skin and severe eye irritant. Flammable liquid. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; reacts vigorously with oxidizers. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Vigorous polymerization reaction with methyl methacrylate. To fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also ALDEHYDES.

잠재적 노출

Used as a synthetic flavoring; as a disinfectant and preservative; to make propionic acid; in plastic and rubber manufacturing; to make alkyl resins and plasticizers.

Carcinogenicity

In a mutagenic test in V79 cells, Eder et al. observed that propionaldehyde is not mutagenic at 1 mM, but is toxic at 2mM. Similar to acrolein, Eder et al. suggested that the mutagenicity of this compound is mediated by its bifunctionality, whereas its cytotoxicity is mediated by the aldehyde function.

운송 방법

UN1275 Propionaldehyde, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
Propionaldehyde is readily oxidized if in contact to oxygen and should therefore be stored under inert gases.

Purification Methods

the aldehyde with CaSO4 or CaCl2, and fractionally distil it under nitrogen or in the presence of a trace of hydroquinone (to retard oxidation). Blacet and Pitts [J Am Chem Soc 74 3382 1952] repeatedly distilled the middle fraction in a vacuum until it no longer gave a solid polymer when cooled to -80o. It is stored with CaSO4. [Beilstein 1 IV 3165.]

비 호환성

Incompatible with strong acids; amines. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoa- cids, epoxides. Strong caustics; reducing agents can cause explosive polymerization. Can self-ignite if finely dispersed on porous or combustible material, such as fabric. Heat or UV light can cause decomposition. Aldehydes are fre- quently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are gener- ated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo com- pounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (anti- oxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation

폐기물 처리

Propionaldehyde is destroyed by burning in achemical incinerator equipped with an afterburnerand scrubber. Permanganate oxidationis a suitable laboratory method of destruction.

프로피온알데히드 준비 용품 및 원자재

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프로피온알데히드 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Hebei Weibang Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+8615531157085	abby@weibangbio.com	China	8810	58
Hebei Mojin Biotechnology Co., Ltd	+86 13288715578 +8613288715578	sales@hbmojin.com	China	12834	58
Hebei Chuanghai Biotechnology Co,.LTD	+86-13131129325	sales1@chuanghaibio.com	China	5889	58
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512	info@tianfuchem.com	China	21634	55
career henan chemical co	+86-0371-86658258 +8613203830695	sales@coreychem.com	China	29880	58
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.	18871490254	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	28172	58
Jinan Finer Chemical Co., Ltd	+86-531-88989536 +86-15508631887	sales@finerchem.com	China	2961	58
QUALITY CONTROL CHEMICALS INC.	(323) 306-3136	orders@qcchemical.com	United States	26	58
Xiamen AmoyChem Co., Ltd	+86-86-5926051114 +8618959220845	sales@amoychem.com	China	6383	58
Hubei xin bonus chemical co. LTD	86-13657291602	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	22963	58

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