사염화 지르코늄, 고체 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
White, lustrous crystals. Sublimes
above 300C. Soluble in alcohol; decomposes in
water.
화학적 성질
Zirconium tetrachloride forms lustrous, white, monoclinic
crystals that melt at 437 ℃. It is a corrosive powder. It is
hygroscopic, and thus soluble in cold water, alcohol, ether,
and concentrated hydrochloric acid. It reacts vigorously with
water forming hydrogen chloride (irritating vapor) and zirconium
oxychloride. When moist, zirconium tetrachloride
reacts with common materials to form hydrochloric acid that
is corrosive to many metals. Through hydrolysis to HCl,
zirconium tetrachloride can irritate the respiratory tract and
other superficial surfaces of the body on exposure.
Zirconium tetrachloride readily forms coordinate bonds with
oxygen and nitrogen in organic molecules.
물리적 성질
White monoclinic crystals; hygroscopic; density 2.80 g/cm
3; sublimes at 331°C; triple point 437°C; vapor pressure 1 torr at 190°C; critical temperature 504.85°C; critical pressure 56.95 atm; critical volume 319 cm3/mol; decomposed by water; soluble in alcohol, ether, and concentrated hydrochloric acid.
용도
Zirconium tetrachloride is commonly utilized as a Lewis acid catalyst in many organic synthesis reactions. It is an important source for organometallic complexes of zirconium. It is practiced in many areas like nuclear industry, metal industry, photography, glass, and ceramic industry.
제조 방법
Zirconium tetrachloride is obtained as an intermediate in recovering zirconium metal from zircon and other minerals (See Zirconium, Recovery). The tetrachloride is obtained by heating a mixture of zirconium hydroxide and car 1004 bon with chlorine gas
Also, tetrachloride can be made by reacting zirconium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid: Zr(OH)
4 + 4HCl → ZrCl
4 + 4H
2O.
정의
ChEBI: Zirconium tetrachloride is a zirconium coordination entity comprising four chlorine atoms bound to a central zirconium atom. It has a role as a catalyst. It is a zirconium coordination entity and an inorganic chloride.
일반 설명
White lustrous crystalline solid. Used as a source of pure zirconium, as a tanning agent, in analytical chemistry and in treating textiles. Zirconium tetrachloride is decomposed by water. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture and to tissue.
공기와 물의 반응
Reacts vigorously with water forming hydrochloric acid with the evolution of heat.
반응 프로필
Zirconium tetrachloride is corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture and to tissue. Behavior in Fire: Will not burn - sublimes above 626°F (331°C). May give off HCl fumes [USCG, 1999]. Zirconium tetrachloride is incompatible with alcohols (ethanol), lithium metal, and tetrahydrofuran.
건강위험
INHALATION: Irritating to upper respiratory tract; presumably caused by liberated HCl. EYES: Irritating. SKIN: Irritating. INGESTION: Burning pain in the mouth and throat, vomiting, watery or bloody diarrhea, retching, collapse, and convulsions.
화재위험
Behavior in Fire: Will not burn - sublimes above 626°F (331°C). May give off HCl fumes.
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. A corrosive irritant to skin, eyes,
and mucous membranes. Ignites
spontaneously in air. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
See also ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS and
HYDROCHLORIC ACID.
Purification Methods
Crystallise it repeatedly from conc HCl. It is hydrolysed by H2O to form white ZrOCl2 (see below) and HCl. [Krebs Z Anorg Allgem Chem 378 263 1970.]
사염화 지르코늄, 고체 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
