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Methylphenidate hydrochloride

Methylphenidate hydrochloride Basic information
Product Name:Methylphenidate hydrochloride
Synonyms:METHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE;RITALIN HYDROCHLORIDE;2-piperidineaceticacid,alpha-phenyl-,methylester,hydrochloride;meridilhydrochloride;2-Piperidineaceticacid, a-phenyl-, Methyl ester,hydrochloride (1:1);Methylphenidate hydrochloride solution;Ritalin (Methylphenidate Hcl);methylalpha-phenyl-2-piperidineacetatehydrochloride
CAS:298-59-9
MF:C14H20ClNO2
MW:269.77
EINECS:206-065-3
Product Categories:Heterocyclic Compounds;Aromatics;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Pharmaceuticals;ASACOL;298-59-9
Mol File:298-59-9.mol
Methylphenidate hydrochloride Structure
Methylphenidate hydrochloride Chemical Properties
Melting point 196-198?C
Fp 9℃
storage temp. Store at RT
solubility Freely soluble in water, soluble in ethanol (96 per cent), slightly soluble in methylene chloride.
form Powder
pka8.9(at 25℃)
Water Solubility Soluble to 50 mM in water and to 100 mM in ethanol
BCS Class2
Stability:Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alkalies, barbiturates.
InChIInChI=1S/C14H19NO2.ClH/c1-17-14(16)13(11-7-3-2-4-8-11)12-9-5-6-10-15-12;/h2-4,7-8,12-13,15H,5-6,9-10H2,1H3;1H
InChIKeyJUMYIBMBTDDLNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILESC(C(=O)OC)(C1NCCCC1)C1C=CC=CC=1.Cl
CAS DataBase Reference298-59-9(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry SystemMethylphenidate hydrochloride (298-59-9)
Safety Information
Hazard Codes Xn,T,F
Risk Statements 22-42-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
Safety Statements 22-26-36-45-36/37-16
RIDADR 3249
WGK Germany 3
RTECS TM3850000
HazardClass 6.1(b)
PackingGroup III
ToxicityLD50 orally in mice: 190 mg/kg (Greenblatt, Osterberg)
MSDS Information
ProviderLanguage
SigmaAldrich English
Methylphenidate hydrochloride Usage And Synthesis
Chemical Propertieswhite crystalline powder
OriginatorRitalin,Ciba,US,1958
UsesMethylphenidate (a.k.a., Ritalin) is a schedule II drug in the United States commonly used as a psychostimulant for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. It blocks dopamine and norepinephrine transporters as well as facilitates NMDA-receptor mediated synaptic transmission through σ1 receptors via PLC/PKC signaling. This interaction with the σ1 receptor has been suggested to underlie methylphenidate’s considerable abuse potential and potential psychiatric side effects. This product is intended for forensic and biological research applications.[Cayman Chemical]
Usesantiinflammatory
UsesControlled substance (stimulant). CNS stimulant. Four isomers of Methylphenidate are known to exist. One pair of threo isomers and one pair of erythro are distinguished, from which only d-threo-Methyl phenidate exhibits the pharmacologically usually desired effects.
Manufacturing ProcessAs described in US Patent 2,507,631, 80 g of pulverized sodium amide are gradually added, while stirring and cooling, to a solution of 117 g of phenylacetonitrile and 113 g of 2-chloropyridine in 400 cc of absolute toluene. The mixture is then slowly heated to 110° to 120°C and maintained at this temperature for 1 hour. Water is added thereto after cooling, the toluene solution is shaken with dilute hydrochloric acid and the hydrochloric acid extracts are made alkaline with concentrated caustic soda solution. A solid mass is separated thereby which is taken up in acetic ester and distilled, αphenyl-α-pyridyl-(2)-acetonitrile passing over at 150° to 155°C under 0.5 mm pressure. When recrystallized from ethyl acetate it melts at 88° to 89°C, the yield amounting to 135 g.
100 g of α-phenyl-α-pyridyl-(2)-acetonitrile are introduced into 400 cc of concentrated sulfuric acid, allowed to stand overnight at room temperature, poured into ice and rendered alkaline with sodium carbonate. α-Phenyl-αpyridyl-(2)-acetamide is precipitated thereby which melts at 134°C after recrystallization from ethyl acetate.
100g of the resulting α-phenyl-α-pyridyl-(2)-acetamide, when dissolved in one liter of methyl alcohol and treated for 6 hours at water-bath temperature with hydrogen chloride, and after concentrating, diluting with water and rendering alkaline with sodium carbonate, yield 90 g of the α-phenyl-α-pyridyl-(2)-acetic acid methylester of MP 74° to 75°C (from alcohol of 50% strength).
The α-phenyl-α-piperidyl-(2)-acetic acid methylester of BP 135° to 137°C under 0.6 mm pressure is obtained in theoretical yield by hydrogenation of 50 g of α-phenyl-α-pyridyl(2)-acetic acid methylester in glacial acetic acid in the presence of 1 g of platinum catalyst at room temperature, while taking up 6 hydrogen atoms. Reaction with HCl gives the hydrochloride. Resolution of stereoisomers is described in US Patent 2,957,880.
Therapeutic FunctionPsychostimulant
General DescriptionBecause methylphenidate (Ritalin) has two asymmetriccenters, there are four possible isomers. The threo racemateis the marketed compound and is about 400 times aspotent as the erythro racemate.The absolute configurationof each of the threo-methylphenidate isomers has beendetermined.Considering that the structure is fairly complex(relative to amphetamine), it is likely that one of thetwo components of the threo racemate contains most of theactivity. Evidence indicates that the (+) -(2R,2'R)threoisomer is involved principally in the behavioral andpressor effects of the racemate.As is likely with many central psychomotor stimulants, there are multiple modesof action.
Methylphenidate, probably largely via its p-hydroxymetabolite, blocks NE reuptake, acts as a postsynapticagonist, depletes the same NE pools as reserpine, and haseffects on dopaminergic systems, such as blocking DAreuptake.
Methylphenidate is a potent CNS stimulant. Indicationsinclude narcolepsy and attention-deficit disorder.
General DescriptionOdorless white crystalline powder. Metallic taste. Solutions are acid to litmus. Absence of general acid/base catalysis.
Air & Water ReactionsWater soluble.
Reactivity ProfileMethylphenidate hydrochloride is incompatible with alkalis and solutions of barbiturates . Undergoes typical ester hydrolysis in aqueous solutions at 176°F.
Fire HazardFlash point data for Methylphenidate hydrochloride are not available; however, Methylphenidate hydrochloride is probably combustible.
Biological ActivityPsychomotor stimulant. Inhibitor of dopamine and noradrenalin transporters that increases the extracellular concentration of dopamine and noradrenalin. Increases locomotor activity in vivo .
Veterinary Drugs and TreatmentsMethylphenidate may be useful for treating cataplexy/narcolepsy or hyperactivity in dogs.
storageStore at RT
Methylphenidate hydrochloride Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials2-Chloropyridine-->Sulfuric acid-->Sodium amide-->Methanol-->Hydrogen-->Hydrochloric acid-->Benzeneacetonitrile
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