Изовалеральдегидом химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
Isovaleraldehyde is a colorless, low-solubility liquid with a
pungent odor similar to that of apples.
Вхождение
Reported found in over 180 natural sources including apple, banana, berries, grapes, peach, papaya,
peach, kohlrabi, carrot, celery, leek, peas, potato, bell pepper, tomato, ginger, peppermint and spearmint oil, other Mentha oils,
vinegar, breads, many cheeses, butter, milk, egg, fatty and lean fish, meats, hop oil, beer, cognac, sherry, rum, grape wines,
cocoa, coffee, tea, filberts, peanuts, pecans, peanut butter, barley, oats, soybean, honey, avocado, mace, plum, beans, mushrooms, starfruit, mango, beetroot, cardamom, coriander seed, rice, lovage leaf, pumpkin, buckwheat, laurel, malt, clary sage,
wort, elderberry, clam, scallops, crab, crayfish, okra, sapodilla, truffles, kiwifruit and other sources.
Использование
Isovaleraldehyde is manufactured by oxidizing isoamyl alcohol with sodium
perchromate and sulfuric acid. Isovaleraldehyde is present in
essential oils of orange, peppermint, lemon, and other plants
and fruits. Its main uses are as an artificial flavor additive and
in perfumes.
Определение
ChEBI: 3-methylbutanal is a methylbutanal that is butanal substituted by a methyl group at position 3. It occurs as a volatile constituent in olives. It has a role as a flavouring agent, a plant metabolite, a volatile oil component and a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite.
Подготовка
By oxidation of isoamyl alcohol.
Общее описание
Colorless liquid with a weak suffocating odor. Floats on water. Produces an irritating vapor. It is a metabolite found in or produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable.
Профиль реактивности
Isovaleraldehyde is an aldehyde. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation.
Угроза здоровью
Inhalation causes chest discomfort, nausea, vomiting, and headache. Contact of liquid with eyes or skin causes irritation. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.
Изовалеральдегидом препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат