Пропоксур химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Propoxur, 2-isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate
(IUPAC),forms
colorless crystals, which are moderately soluble in most
organic solvents.
Химические свойства
Propoxur is a white to tan crystalline solid or
powder. Faint characteristic odor
Использование
Propoxur is a non-systematic carbamate insecticide. Propoxur is used against a wide range of insects such as fleas, mosquitoes, ants, gypsy moths, and other agricultural pests. Propoxur functions by r
eversibly inactivating the enzyme acetylcholinesterase in insects.
Определение
ChEBI: A carbamate ester that is phenyl methylcarbamate substituted at position 2 by a propan-2-yloxy group.
Подготовка
Propoxur is prepared by reaction of 2-isopropoxyphenol
with methylisocyanate.
Общее описание
White to tan crystalline powder with a faint, characteristic odor. Used as an insecticide.
Профиль реактивности
Propoxur is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers, alkalis [Note: Emits highly toxic methyl isocyanate fumes when heated to decomposition.] .
Опасность
Toxic by ingestion and inhalation.
Cholinesterase inhibitor. Possible carcinogen.
Угроза здоровью
A highly toxic substance by ingestion, andpossibly by most other routes of exposure;moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact; cholinesterase inhibitor; toxic effects aresimilar to those of other carbamate pesticidesand include excessive salivation, lacrimation, slow heart rate, blurred vision, twitchingof muscle and lack of coordination, nausea,weakness, diarrhea and abdominal pain; oralintake of probably 1.5–3 g could be fatal toadult humans; a teratogenic substance, producing adverse reproductive effects in experimental animals.
LD50 oral (rat): 70 mg/kg
LD50 skin (rat): 800 mg/kg
LC50 inhalation (rat): 1440 mg/m3/1 hr.
Сельскохозяйственное использование
Insecticide, Molluscicide: Not approved for use in EU countries. A non-systemic insecticide compatible with most fungicides and insecticides except those that are alkaline. It is often used in combination with azinphosmethyl, chlorpyrifos, cyfluthrin, dichlorvos, disulfoton or methocarb. It is used on sugar cane, cocoa, pome and stone fruit, grapes, maize, hops, rice, sugar beets, vegetables, cotton, and forestry and ornamentals to control pests such as chewing and sucking insects, ants, crickets, flies, mosquitoes, millepedes, jassids and cockroaches.
Торговое название
(There are currently 695 registered active and/or canceled and/or transferred products in the U.S.) ARPROCARB®; BAY®; BAY® 5122; BAYER®; BAYER® B 5122; BAYGON®; BIFEX®; BLATTANEX®; BLATTOSEP®; BOLFO®; BO Q 5812-315®; BORUHO®; BORUHO® 50; BRIFUR®; BRYGOU®; CHEMAGRO® 9010; COMPOUND 39007; DALF DUST®; INVISI-GARD®; PILLARGON®; PRENTOX CARBAMATE®; PROPOGON®; PROPOTOX®; PROPOXYLOR®; PROPYON®; RHODEN®; SENDRAN®; SUNCIDE®; TENDEX®; TUGEN®; UNDEN®; UNDENE®
Возможный контакт
Personnel engaged in the manufacture,
formulation and application of this organonitrogen agricul-
tural chemical and pesticide.
Экологическая судьба
Groundwater. According to the U.S. EPA (1986) propoxur has a high potential to leach
to groundwater.
Photolytic. Though no products were identified, the half-life in UV irradiated water
(λ >290 nm) was 87.9 hours (Jensen-Korte et al., 1987). When propoxur in ethanol was
irradiated by UV light, only one unidentified cholinesterase inhibitor formed. Exposure
to sunlight for 3 hours yielded no photodecomposition products (Crosby et al., 1965).
Chemical/Physical. Decomposes at elevated temperatures forming methyl isocyanate
(Windholz et al., 1983) and nitrogen oxides (Lewis, 1990). Hydrolyzes in water to 1-
naphthol and 2-isopropoxyphenol (Miles et al., 1988). At pH 6.9, half-lives of 78 and 124
days were reported under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively (Kanazawa,
1987). Miles et al. (1988) studied the rate of hydrolysis of propoxur in phosphate-buffered
water (0.01 M) at 26°C with and without a chlorinating agent (10 mg/L hypochlorite
solution). The hydrolysis half-lives at pH 7 and 8 with and without chlorine were 3.5 and
10.3 days and 0.05 and 1.2 days, respectively (Miles et al., 1988). The reported hydrolysis
half-lives of propoxur in water at pH 8, 9 and 10 were 16.0 days, 1.6 days and 4.2 hours,
respectively (Aly and El-Dib, 1971). In a 0.50 N sodium hydroxide solution at 20°C, the
hydrolysis half-life was reported to be 3.0 days (El-Dib and Aly, 1976).
Метаболический путь
The principal pathways of propoxur metabolism in plants and animals
are deisopropylation, hydrolysis of the carbamate ester to form a phenol
and conjugation. Minor metabolites are formed by hydroxylation of the
N-methyl group and the phenyl ring. Only insects form metabolites
hydroxylated at the isopropoxy group.
Перевозки
UN2757 Carbamate pesticides, solid, toxic,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class:
6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name
Required.
Несовместимости
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo-
sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, alkalis, heat, and mois-
ture. Emits highly toxic methyl isocyanate fumes when
heated to decomposition.
Утилизация отходов
In accordance with
40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pes-
ticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly
by following package label directions or by contacting your
local or federal environmental control agency, or by contact-
ing your regional EPA office. Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations govern-
ing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Пропоксур препаратная продукция и сырье
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