ПИРОКАТЕХИН химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
Off-white powder
Использование
Catechol is used in photography, in dyeing fur, and as a topical antiseptic.
Методы производства
Catechol may be obtained by the fusion of o-phenolsulfonic
acid with alkali, by heating chorophenol with a
solution of sodium hydroxide at 200°C in an autoclave, or
by cleavage of the methyl ether group of guaiacol (obtained
from beechwood tar) with hydriodic acid.
Определение
A colourless crystalline
PHENOL containing two hydroxyl groups. It
is used in photographic developing.
Общее описание
Solid; white; odorless. Sinks and mixes with water.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Turns brown on exposure to air and light, especially when moist. Water soluble. Aqueous solutions soon turn brown on exposure to air and light.
Профиль реактивности
POISONOUS GASES MAY BE PRODUCED WHEN HEATED. Pyrocatechol may form toxic fumes at high temperatures. [USCG, 1999]. Pyrocatechol can react with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, bases and oxidizing agents. Pyrocatechol reacts violently on contact with concentrated nitric acid. Pyrocatechol acts as a reducing agent .
Опасность
Strong irritant. Toxic by skin absorption.
Eye and upper respiratory tract irritant, and der-
matitis. Possible carcinogen.
Угроза здоровью
Acute oral and percutaneous toxicity of pyrocatechol is greater than that of phenol; inhalation toxicity is less than that of phenol. The toxic symptoms include weakness, muscular pain, dark urine, tremor, dyspnea, and convulsions. Large amounts can produce degenerative changes in renal tubules. Large doses can cause death due to respiratory failure. Skin contact can cause eczematous dermatitis.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 260 mg/kg
LD50 value, skin (rabbits): 800 mg/kg.
Пожароопасность
Combustible. POISONOUS GASES MAY BE PRODUCED WHEN HEATED. May form toxic fumes at high temperatures.
Профиль безопасности
Poison by ingestion,
subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intravenous,
and parenteral routes. Moderately toxic by
skin contact. Experimental reproductive
effects. Can cause dermatitis on skin
contact. An allergen. Human mutation data
reported. Questionable carcinogen. Systemic
effects sirmlar to those of phenol.
Combustible when exposed to heat or
flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing
materials. Hypergolic reaction with
concentrated nitric acid. To fight fire, use
water, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. See also PHENOL.
Возможный контакт
Used as a chemical intermediate;
pharmaceutical and veterinary drug; as an antiseptic; in
photography; in dyestuff manufacture and application. It is
also used in electroplating, in the formulation of specialty
inks; in antioxidants; and light stabilizers.
Канцерогенность
Catechol has been extensively
studied for its role in carcinogenesis of the rat glandular
stomach; it was concluded that pyrocatechol is
carcinogenic. When rats and mice were administered
0.8% pyrocatechol in their feed for life, there was an increase
in glandular stomach adenocarcinoma in both male and
female rats. Pyrocatechol also caused hyperplasia of the
glandular stomach in both rats and mice, a mechanism
that could cause promotion of carcinogen-initiated
cells; no effects on the esophagus or urinary bladder
were reported. There were no cutaneous neoplasms when
pyrocatechol was applied in dermal studies. Catechol
may be classified as a cocarcinogen because it enhanced the
number and/or incidence of lesions in the stomach induced
by several carcinogenic nitrosamines and cutaneous neoplasms
when administered dermally together with several
carcinogens.
Перевозки
UN 2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required.
Методы очистки
Crystallise catechol from *benzene or toluene and sublime it in vacuo. [Rozo et al. Anal Chem 58 2988 1986, Beilstein 6 IV 5557.]
Несовместимости
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.
ПИРОКАТЕХИН препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат
Piperonyl chloride
[[о-(аллилокси)фенокси]метил]оксиран
3,4-(Methylenedioxy)phenylacetonitrile
Пропоксур
Адреналон
4-трет-бутилкатехола
1-Iodoheptane
2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol
О-БРОМАНИЛ
2,3-ДИГИДРО-1,4-БЕНЗОДИОКСИН-2-КАРБОНИЛХЛОРИД
атехолбораном
2,3-DIHYDRO-1,4-BENZODIOXIN-2-METHANOL 4-METHYLBENZENESULFONATE
4-BROMOCATECHOL
Piperonyl aldehyde
1,2-Diethoxybenzene
2-(5-бром-2-пиридилазо)-5-(диэтиламино)фенол
Isoproterenol
1-Bromo-1-cyclopentene
1,3-бензодиоксол
КАРБОФУРАН
2-гидроксиметил-1 ,4-бензодиоксан
2-[(2-МЕТИЛ-2-ПРОПЕНИЛ)ОКСИ]-ФЕНОЛ
Вератрол
Бензо-15-краун-5
Пирокатехнол фиолетовый
DIETHOFENCARB
2-(Аллилокси)фенол
ПИПЕРОНИЛ ФОРМАЛЬДЕГИД
4'-FORMYLBENZO-15-CROWN 5-ETHER
1,3-бензодиоксол-5-сульфонилхлорида
Гидрохинон
2-хлор-3 ', 4'-дигидроксиацетофенон
3-этокси-4-гидроксибензальдегид
2-изопропоксифенол
1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[(1-methylethyl)amino]ethan-1-one