о-ксилола химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
colourless liquid
Физические свойства
Clear, colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. An odor threshold concentration of 380 ppbv was
reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).
Использование
o-Xylene is largely used in the production of phthalic anhydride, and is generally extracted by distillation from a mixed Xylene stream in a plant primarily designed for p-Xylene production.
Определение
ChEBI: A xylene substituted by methyl groups at positions 1 and 3.
Общее описание
A colorless watery liquid with a sweet odor. Less dense than water. Insoluble in water. Irritating vapor.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Профиль реактивности
1,2-Dimethylbenzene may react with oxidizing materials. .
Угроза здоровью
Vapors cause headache and dizziness. Liquid irritates eyes and skin. If taken into lungs, causes severe coughing, distress, and rapidly developing pulmonary edema. If ingested, causes nausea, vomiting, cramps, headache, and coma. Can be fatal. Kidney and liver damage can occur.
Пожароопасность
Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.
Химическая реактивность
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Профиль безопасности
Moderately toxic bj7
intraperitoneal route. Mldly toxic by
ingestion and inhalation. An experimental
teratogen. A common air contaminant. A
very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to
heat or flame. Explosive in the form of
vapor when exposed to heat or flame. To
fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical.
Incompatible with oxidzing materials.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and irritating fumes. Emitted
from modern building materials (CENEAR
69,22,91). See also other xylene entries.
Методы очистки
o-Xylene (4.4Kg) is sulfonated by stirring for 4hours with 2.5L of conc H2SO4 at 95o. After cooling, and separating the unsulfonated material, the product is diluted with 3L of water and neutralised with 40% NaOH. On cooling, sodium o-xylene sulfonate separates and is recrystallised from half its weight of water. [A further crop of crystals is obtained by concentrating the mother liquor to one-third of its volume.] The salt is dissolved in the minimum amount of cold water, then mixed with the same amount of cold water, and with the same volume of conc H2SO4 and heated to 110o. o-Xylene is regenerated and steam distils. The distillate is saturated with NaCl, the organic layer is separated, dried and redistilled. [Beilstein 5 H 362, 5 I 179, 5 II 281, 5 III 807, 5 IV 917.]
о-ксилола препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат
2,3-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid
4,4'-Carbonyldiphthalic acid
Фталонитрил
КИСЛОТА малеиновая
FTHALIDE
Тетрахлорфталевый ангидрид
4-бром-о-ксилола
Метил 1H-индол-2-карбоксилат
METHYL 6-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1H-INDOLE-2-CARBOXYLATE
3,4-диметилфенол
4-ХЛОР-2-Метилбензальдегид
о-толуиловой кислоты
N-морфолинотиофталдамид
(4-Метокси-1H-пирроло [2,3-b] пиридин-2-ил) метанола
2-(4-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO[2,3-B]PYRIDIN-2-YL)ETHANAMINE
Фталевого ангидрида
4-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO[2,3-B]PYRIDINE-2-CARBALDEHYDE
м-крезол
1,2,3,4-тетрахлор-5,6-диметилбензилен
2,3-диметиланилин
3,4-диметиланилин
о-толунитрил
L-лейцин
ЭТИЛ 4-METHOXY-1H-PYRROLO [2,3-B] ПИРИДИН-2-CARBOXYLATE
3-нитро-о-ксилола
Нафталин-2 ,6-дикарбоновой кислоты
СУБФТАЛОЦИАНИН ХЛОРИД БОРА
3,4-ДИМЕТИЛФЕНИЛАЦЕТОНИТРИЛ