3,3'-ДИХЛОРБЕНЗИДИН химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
colourless to white crystalline solid
Физические свойства
Colorless to grayish-purple needles or crystals with a mild or pungent odor
Использование
Intermediate in the manufacture of azo dyes and pigments for printing inks, textiles, paints,
plastics, and crayons; curing agent for isocyanate-terminated polymers and resins; rubber
compounding ingredient; analytical determination of gold; formerly used as chemical intermediate
for direct red 61 dye.
Общее описание
Gray to purple crystalline powder. Insoluble in water. Very toxic. Used in the dye industry, curing agent for isocyanate terminated resins.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Insoluble in water.
Профиль реактивности
A halogenated amine. Amines are chemical bases. They neutralize acids to form salts plus water. These acid-base reactions are exothermic. The amount of heat that is evolved per mole of amine in a neutralization is largely independent of the strength of the amine as a base. Amines may be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated by amines in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Угроза здоровью
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine (DCB)
is carcinogenic in several animal species.
Пожароопасность
Combustible.
Профиль безопасности
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic and
tumorigenic data. Human mutation data
reported. When heated to decomposition it
emits very toxic fumes of Cl and NOx.
Возможный контакт
A halide-and amine-substituted aromatic compound used in the dye industry, curing agent for
isocyanate terminated resins. The major uses of dichlorobenzidine are in the manufacture of pigments for printing
ink, textiles, plastics, and crayons and as a curing agent
for solid urethane plastics. There are no substitutes for
many of its uses. Additional groups that may be at risk
include workers in the printing or graphic arts professions
handling the 3,3’-DCB-based azo pigments. 3,3’-DCB may
be present as an impurity in the pigments, and there
is some evidence that 3,3’-DCB may be metabolically
liberated from the azo pigment
Канцерогенность
Studies in several test systems have shown
DCB to be genotoxic in vitro and in vivo and
suggest that this effect most likely mediates the
carcinogenicity of the chemical. In vitro, DCB
has induced sister chromatid exchanges,
unscheduled DNA synthesis, and positive
responses in bacterial Salmonella assays; in vivo
DCB induced micronuclei in polychromatic
erythrocytes in male mice and fetuses.
Because of demonstrated potent carcinogenicity
in multiple animal species, evidence of
genotoxicity, and structural relationship to the
known bladder carcinogen benzidine, DCB
should be regarded as a probable human carcinogen
and exposure by any route should be
avoided.
3,3￠-Dichlorobenzidene has no threshold
limit value (TLV) exposure limit and is classified
as an A3, confirmed animal carcinogen
with unknown relevance to humans, and a
notation for skin absorption.
Перевозки
UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required
Методы очистки
Crystallise the benzidine from EtOH, pet ether (m 133o) or *benzene. [Beilstein 13 H 234, 13 I 67, 13 II 106, 13 III 477, 13 IV 384.] CARCINOGEN.
Несовместимости
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, and epoxides. Achemical base: neutralize acids to form salts plus water with an exothermic
reaction. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated
organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides,
and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generatedby amines in combination with strong reducing agents such
as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides.
Утилизация отходов
Incineration (816C,
0.5 second for primary combustion; 1204C, 1.0 second for
secondary combustion). The formation of elemental
chlorine can be prevented through injection of steam ormethane into the combustion process. nitrogen oxides
may be abated through the use of thermal or catalytic
devices. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies
for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators
of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must
conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal
3,3'-ДИХЛОРБЕНЗИДИН препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат