Мальтоза химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
Maltose occurs as white crystals or as a crystalline powder. It is
odorless and has a sweet taste approximately 30% that of sucrose.
Вхождение
Maltose also is formed by yeast during breadmaking.
Использование
Maltose is a sweetener formed by the enzymatic action of yeast on
starch. it consists of two dextrose molecules. maltose dissolves and
crystallizes slowly in aqueous solutions, and is less sweet and more
stable than sucrose. it is used in combination with dextrose in bread
and in instant foods, and is also used in pancake syrups.
Определение
A sugar
found in germinating cereal seeds. It is a
disaccharide composed of two glucose
units. Maltose is an important intermediate
in the enzyme hydrolysis of starch. It is
further hydrolyzed to glucose.
Методы производства
Maltose monohydrate is prepared by the enzymatic degradation of
starch.
Фармацевтические приложения
Maltose is a disaccharide carbohydrate widely used in foods and
pharmaceuticals. In parenteral products, maltose may be used as a
source of sugar, particularly for diabetic patients.
Crystalline maltose is used as a direct-compression tablet
excipient in chewable and nonchewable tablets.
Профиль безопасности
Experimental
teratogenic and reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes.
Безопасность
Maltose is used in oral and parenteral pharmaceutical formulations
and is generally regarded as an essentially nontoxic and nonirritant
material. However, there has been a single report of a liver
transplantation patient with renal failure who developed hyponatremia
following intravenous infusion of normal immunoglobulin
in 10% maltose. The effect, which recurred on each of four
successive infusions, resembled that of hyperglycemia and was
thought to be due to accumulation of maltose and other osmotically
active metabolites in the extracellular fluid.
LD50 (mouse, IV): 26.8 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 38.6 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, IV): 25.2 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 30.6 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IV): 15.3 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 34.8 g/kg
хранилище
Maltose should be stored in a well-closed container in a cool, dry
place.
Несовместимости
Maltose may react with oxidizing agents. A Maillard-type reaction
may occur between maltose and compounds with a primary amine
group, e.g. glycine, to form brown-colored products.
Регуляторный статус
In the USA, maltose is considered as a food by the FDA and is
therefore not subject to food additive and GRAS regulations.
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (oral solutions).
Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal
Ingredients. Included in parenteral products available in a number
of countries worldwide.
Мальтоза препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат